The extractive membrane bioreactor (EMBR) combines the aqueous-aqueous extractive membrane process and biological degradation process, which was introduced in 1993 [1, 2]. The EMBR employs a silicone rubber membrane and transfers the toxic organic pollutant across the membrane into the permeate, while rejecting nearly all the inorganic components on the feed side. The toxic priority pollutants subsequently undergo biodegradation on the permeate side by specialized microorganisms, which maintain the organic concentration gradient across the membrane as the driving force for the extraction process.
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