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Proposal for a discipline-specific open exchange framework

机译：针对纪律的公开交流框架的提案

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Several data exchange standards support the open exchange of building data. Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) standard is the most widely implemented within software solutions and the most used in practice. This standard is developed by buildingSMART International and describes a schema defined with EXPRESS data modelling language also including the data validation rules. Because of its richness and redundancy, inadequate support of specific disciplines, but also its variable application within software solutions, open data exchange has not achieved a satisfying level of reliability. To transfer building data, actors that exchange information turn to various alternative data exchange possibilities like other open exchange formats, software specific data exchange software solutions, and workarounds. This paper aims at analysing the problem of data exchange among disciplines with varying exchange requirements. Depending on the discipline and its specific requirements, data exchange potentials with IFC differ largely. Overcoming the interoperability problems are often discipline-specific: providing new schemas, incorporating strict workflows (for native and receiving application), or using 2D drawing - based exchange, physically or digitally. In this paper, two workflows that follow BIM modelling process are examined. The first step in both workflows is the creation of architectural BIM model. Consequently, two data transfers are considered: to structural analysis and to life cycle analysis (LCA) software tools. The actors' exchange requirements are identified, as well as their description through the data flow. Thereby, the adequacy of a predefined set of exchange requirements in the construction industry is assessed. Results show that IFC schema, or any other schema defined in the same way, is not an optimal answer to the end user needs. An improved open exchange based framework is proposed with a data management concept that supports it. Finally, the implementation of the new concept aims to enhance the technological development of open standards and draw it towards the seamless exchange.
机译：若干数据交换标准支持开放式建筑数据交换。行业基金会课程（IFC）标准是软件解决方案中最广泛实现的，在实践中最常用。本标准由BuildingsMart International开发，并描述了用Express数据建模语言定义的模式，也包括数据验证规则。由于其丰富性和冗余，对特定学科的支持不足，而且其在软件解决方案中的可变应用程序，开放数据交换尚未实现令人满意的可靠性水平。要转移构建数据，交换信息转向各种替代数据交换可能性，如其他开放式交换格式，软件特定数据交换软件解决方案以及解决方法。本文旨在分析具有不同交易所要求的学科之间的数据交换问题。根据学科及其具体要求，IFC的数据交换潜力在很大程度上不同。克服互操作性问题通常是纪律特定的：提供了新的模式，并包含严格的工作流程（用于本机和接收应用程序），或使用基于2D绘图的交换，物理或数字。在本文中，检查了两个遵循BIM建模过程的工作流程。两种工作流程的第一步是建筑物BIM模型的创建。因此，考虑了两个数据转移：对结构分析和生命周期分析（LCA）软件工具。识别演员的交流要求，以及通过数据流的描述。因此，评估了建筑业预定义的交换需求的充分性。结果显示IFC模式或以相同方式定义的任何其他模式不是最终用户需求的最佳答案。提出了一种改进的开放式exchange框架，并使用支持它的数据管理概念。最后，实施新概念旨在提高开放标准的技术发展，并将其朝向无缝交换。

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