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首页> 外文会议>European Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery >Petrological, Mineralogical and Geochemical Constraints on Hydrocarbon Bearing North Sea Reservoir Chalk
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Petrological, Mineralogical and Geochemical Constraints on Hydrocarbon Bearing North Sea Reservoir Chalk

机译：岩石轴承北海储层粉笔碳氢化合物的岩石，矿物学和地球化学约束

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A study of the geochemistry and petrology characterizing the North Sea reservoir chalk is central in the efforts of refining or developing new Increased Oil Recovery (IOR) methods, as it provides an insight in the chemical composition, mineral structures and textures of the reservoir rock and the grounds for a pilot test within the National IOR Centre of Norway. The study is based on cores collected over a decimeter-scale, under different flooding status, from unflooded to waterflooded at lower or higher temperatures, swept and unswept regions from the Tor and Ekofisk formations directly sampled from the Ekofisk field. Optical petrography shows a very fine, micritic carbonate matrix, with various microfossils such as calcispheres, foraminifers, or sponge spicules. SEM micrographs reveal post-depositional calcite precipitation inside the calcispheres, sometimes entirely cementing their cavities. The amount of clay minerals observed with SEM varies and there is a clear decrease in porosity stratigraphically downwards, along with more cementation and compaction. X-ray diffraction confirms calcite as most abundant in the whole-rock composition, with quartz and few other non-carbonate minerals like smectite, illite and kaolinite present. The silica content varies highly from <2 wt％ in the shallower cores to 6 - 8 wt％ in areas close to tight zones and up to 11 wt％ in the deeper cores. S13C and 8180 are lower than the secular global isotopic values for this period. Since similar disturbed stable isotope values are seen in other hydrocarbon-rich samples unexposed to any fluid for IOR purposes, the disturbance is assigned to a post-depositional diagenetic overprint, or to the influence of a secondary fluid of unknown origin, rather than the effect of the cores' flooding status. Given the compositional variety of the Ekofisk reservoir rocks, selecting a single on-shore exposure as a standard equivalent for the Ekofisk chalk would be problematic. The complexity of the reservoir chalk and consideration of many other IOR influencing parameters, compel caution when transferring results from the onshore chalk modeling to the reservoir chalk (e.g. Hjuler and Fabricius, 2009). Beside the mineralogical composition of chalk strongly influencing compaction, the palaeo-environmental conditions at the time of deposition, the diagenetic history, calcite recrystallization and fossil preservation may affect the strength of the rock. Hence, a further thorough geological study on the reservoir chalk is necessary to verify the prospect of comparisons based on geological grounds.
机译：对北海储层粉笔特征的地球化学和岩石学的研究是炼油或开发新的溢油（IOR）方法的努力，因为它在水库岩石的化学成分，矿物结构和纹理方面提供了洞察力挪威国家IOR中心内试验试验的理由。该研究基于在不同的洪水状态下由排比级的核心，从不同的洪水状况，从较低或更高的温度下，从较低或更高的温度，扫描和未扫描的区域从Ekofisk场直接取样。光学透视图示出了一种非常精细的微碳酸盐基质，具有各种微生物，如钙接种，传染料或海绵穗。 SEM显微照片揭示了Calcispheres内部的沉积后方解石沉淀，有时完全巩固了它们的腔。用SEM观察到的粘土矿物质的量变化，并且孔隙度下拉下降略有降低，以及更多的胶结和压实。 X射线衍射确认方解石在整个岩石组合物中最丰富，用石英和少量其他非碳酸盐矿物质，如蒙脱石，伊利石和高岭石。二氧化硅含量在较浅的区域接近紧密区域的区域中的较浅核中的2％（重量）在6-8重量％中变化，较深的核心高达11wt％。 S13C和8180低于此期间的世俗全球同位素值。由于在其他富含烃的样品中观察到未曝光的任何流体的富含烃的样品中的类似扰动的稳定同位素值，因此将干扰分配给沉积后成岩腹版，或者未知起源的二次流体的影响，而不是效果核心洪水状态。鉴于EKOFISK储层岩石的组成各种岩石，选择单次岸上暴露作为EKOFISK粉笔的标准相当于问题。储层粉笔的复杂性和对许多其他IOR影响参数的考虑，在将陆上粉笔建模的结果转移到水库粉笔（例如Hjuler和Fabricius，2009）时强制谨慎。除了粉笔的矿物质学组成，粉笔强烈影响压实，沉积时的古绿环境条件，成岩病史，方解石重结晶和化石保存可能会影响岩石的强度。因此，对储层粉笔的进一步彻底的地质研究是基于地质理由验证比较的前景。

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