The term ultralightweight refers to a special approach to cryptographic design, which uses just basic operations as and, or, xor, + mod n and cyclic shift. It has been developed in the last years, in the context of authentication protocols, to provide very efficient and secure solutions. In this short note, we discuss the motivations behind its introduction, and outline its key ideas and features. By overviewing some previous works, and picking up from them some examples, we describe typical weaknesses which have been found in almost all the proposed protocols. We point out that, at the state of current knowledge, serious doubts about the soundness of the approach and, in general, about what can be obtained with it, are present. Neverthless, since many questions are on the ground without answers, we argue that further investigations in the field are needed. To this aim, we throw a quick look at the close area of lightweight cryptography, briefly describing some successful design strategies and modeling techniques. We suggest that, instead of keeping pursuing ad-hoc solutions employing heuristic trials, working along these research directions could be beneficial also to the ultralightweight field.
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机译：术语UltraLightwight是指采用密码设计的特殊方法，它仅使用基本操作，或者，xor，+ mod n和循环移位。它在过去几年中，在身份验证协议的背景下，提供了非常有效和安全的解决方案。在此简短的票据中，我们讨论其介绍背后的动机，并概述了其关键思想和特征。通过概述某些以前的作品，并从他们那里拿起一些例子，我们描述了几乎所有提议的协议中发现的典型弱点。我们指出，在当前知识的状态下，对方法的健全性疑虑，通常是关于可以用它获得的。不管，因为在没有答案的情况下，许多问题都在地上，我们认为需要进一步调查该领域。为此目的，我们快速了解轻量级密码学的密切区域，简要介绍一些成功的设计策略和建模技术。我们建议，而不是追求采用启发式试验的临时解决方案，沿着这些研究方向工作可能是有益的，而不是超级大略的领域。
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