Manufacturing of hollow shaped billets by means of forging the ingots designed for thick-walled high pressure vessels is characterized by increased metal consumption and considerable labour input. In comparison with forging the electroslag casting method (BSG) permits to produce billets slightly differed in their shape from the finished mechanically worked parts. The undoubted advantage of the ESG method is also the fact that electroslag castings in their physical-mechanical properties are not inferior to the metal of forged products. New possibilities for hollow near net shape casting production have been opened thanks to the developed technology of ingot and casting production with the application of inner crystallizers. The data prove that inserting inner crystallizers - shaped metal structures into the mould or casting mould permits to control effectively over heavy ingot and casting crystallization. In its mechanical properties the hollow casting metal corresponds to the technical requirements produced to the forged metal of the same chemical composition.
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