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A Review of Competitive Ligand-Exchange-Voltammetric Methods for Speciation of Trace metals in Freshwater

机译：对淡水痕量金属竞争性配体 - 交换 - 伏安法的综述

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The competitive ligand exchange/voltammetry techniques are very useful to indirectly determine free aqua metal ion concentrations and to detect specifically strong ligands at the extremely low metal levels in natural waters. A number of criteria must however be fulfilled to obtain accurate results. We review in this chapter the techniques under freshwater conditions, in terms of principles of the ligand-exchange reactions, of theoretical criteria and of practical assumptions. Ligand-exchange kinetics have been studied as a prerequisite for equilibrium speciation. We also discuss and give recommendations for determining optimal working windows and for selecting the various types and amounts of ligands used under freshwater conditions. Accuracy and validation of these methods are discussed. Finally, some results on the speciation of. Cu, Zn, Cd, Co and Ni in Swiss lake, river and ground waters are presented.

机译：竞争性配体交换/伏安法技术对于间接确定自由的Aqua金属离子浓度非常有用，并在天然水中的极低金属水平上检测特异性强配体。然而，必须满足许多标准以获得准确的结果。我们在本章中审查了淡水条件下的技术，就配体交换反应的原则，理论标准和实际假设。已经研究了配体交换动力学作为均衡形态的先决条件。我们还讨论并提出用于确定最佳工作窗口的建议，并用于选择在淡水条件下使用的各种类型和量的配体。讨论了这些方法的准确性和验证。最后，一些结果对了物业的。瑞士湖，河流和地面水域的CU，ZN，CD，CO和NI和NI。

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《American Chemical Society》|2002年||共35页
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HanBin Xue; Laura Sigg;
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A Review of Competitive Ligand-Exchange-Voltammetric Methods for Speciation of Trace metals in Freshwater

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