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首页> 外文会议>Annual Meeting of the Florida State Horticultural Society >PROTECTED AGRICULTURE AS A METHYL BROMIDE ALTERNATIVE? CURRENT REALITY AND FUTURE PROMISE
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PROTECTED AGRICULTURE AS A METHYL BROMIDE ALTERNATIVE? CURRENT REALITY AND FUTURE PROMISE

机译：保护农业作为甲基溴替代品？现实现实和未来承诺

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Despite extensive and expensive research into methyl bromide alternatives over the past decade, there is no one product that is an acceptable alternative. Methyl bromide was applied to 99% of the pepper acreage, 100% of the strawberry acreage, and 77%of the tomato acreage in Florida in 2002. Cucurbits, either cucumber or squash, are planted directly after these crops and so are indirectly dependant upon methyl bromide. Over the same time period, the areas of inexpensive, low-energy, passive-ventilated, plastic-covered greenhouses have expanded dramatically worldwide. For example, the Mediterranean Basin is estimated to have 100,000 ha, and the area in Mexico is increasing by 30% annually. The greenhouse production area in the U.S. is also expandingrapidly and is estimates at 1,000 ha (-2,500 acres). Greenhouse production offers several advantages including up to 10-fold increased yields, improved crop quality, recycling of water and nutrients, and the potential to grow pesticide-free produce. Soilless media eliminates the need for methyl bromide as it avoids weeds, soil-borne pathogens or plant parasitic nematodes. Imported, quality greenhouse produce from several countries including Mexico, Canada, and Spain is sold at a premium over U.S. field-grown produce. The Protected Agriculture Project (wwv .hos.ufl.edu/ProtectedAg) at the University of Floridaadapts available greenhouse technology for Florida conditions and has developed extensive information for the production of most of the major greenhouse vegetable crops.
机译：尽管在过去十年中，尽管对甲基溴替代品进行了广泛且昂贵的研究，但没有一种产品是可接受的替代品。将甲基溴应用于99％的辣椒面积，100％的草莓种植面积，2002年佛罗里达州的77％的番茄面积。葫芦菌，黄瓜或壁球，直接在这些作物之后种植，因此间接依赖于甲基溴。在同一时间段内，廉价，低能量，被动通风，塑料覆盖的温室领域已经在全球大幅扩张。例如，地中海盆地估计有100,000公顷，墨西哥地区每年增加30％。美国的温室生产区也在扩大过程中，估计为1,000公顷（-2,500英亩）。温室生产提供了几个优点，包括高达10倍的产量，提高作物质量，水和营养素的回收，以及潜力可以种植无农药。无土介质消除了对溴化物的需求，因为它避免了杂草，土壤传播病原体或植物寄生线虫。从包括墨西哥，加拿大，加拿大和西班牙在内的几个国家的进口，质量温室生产于美国野外生成的优质产量。受保护的农业项目（失业救济.hos.ufl.edu / ProtectedAg）在Floridaadapts提供温室技术佛罗里达条件的大学和公司开发生产的最重要的温室蔬菜作物的大量信息。

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