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首页> 外文会议>National seminar on application of chemical engineering for utilisation of natural resources >A Case Study of Utilisation of Domestic Fuels as Source of Energy in Sandur Area, Karnataka
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A Case Study of Utilisation of Domestic Fuels as Source of Energy in Sandur Area, Karnataka

机译：卡纳塔克邦桑德拉卡山区能源利用案例的案例研究

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The object of this paper is to create an awareness to use domestic fuels in proper way, to conserve forest area and to grow social forests. Mining activities of both iron and manganese ores are going on. People are mainly depending on fire wood as a source of domestic fuel. To meet our demands of the people and to minimise pressure on forest, it has become necessary to improve social forestry in public waste and private land. This will help to get firewood and fodder in decentralised manner. Forest has to be stopped completely, otherwise this will affect growing seedlings and small plants and grass has to be protected. Soil erosion must be controlled. Waste land must be reclaimed after mining activities. Waste dumps in the mining area must be sealed by growing grass, shrubs and trees. Air water and soil pollution must be controlled. Ecosystem has to be taken care. It is necessary to develop Agro-forestry rather than agriculture and forestry separately for firewood and fodder. Deforestation is caused due to need of domestic fuel, timber, livestock fodder, over grazing of natural grass lands, indiscriminate cultivation on steep slopes contributed to general ecological decline observed in this area. Detailed study of various aspects are discussed in the text. Conservation of the forest area is achieved by increasing social forestry, agro-forestry and agropastoral cultivation to meet out demand for firewood and fodder. It is possible to provide employment opportunities to rural people and encourage self-reliance at the community level. This will help to conserve soil and water. Socio-economic system will improve. Reforestation work has to be given top priority. Energy consumption of this area as domestic fuel was studied by survey. The results are computed as follows, 67% firewood, 9% commercial fuel (LPG and kerosene), 2% charcoal, 3% electricity, 4% animal waste (including gobar gas plant), 15% agriculture wastes. There is a large gap between demand and supply of fire wood. As a result of this forest is under pressure in this area. It is necessary to minimise pressure on non-renewable sources. Suggestions are made to increase renewable sources. The following were some of the programs suggested for increasing the awareness. They are demonstration, audio-visual training for administrators, publishing and pamphlets in local language, programs for school children and youths and conducting conferences and seminars. The purpose of this paper will be achieved by considering various programs to reach the goal.
机译：本文的目的是建立使用国产燃料，在适当的方式，以节约森林面积和成长的社会森林的意识。铁和锰矿的采矿活动正在开展。人们主要依靠木柴作为民用燃料的来源。为满足广大市民的需求，并最大限度地减少对森林的压力，它已成为必要，以提高社会林业公共浪费和私人土地。这将有助于得到分散的方式柴火和饲料。森林已完全停止，否则将影响到育苗和小厂和草已经受到保护。土壤侵蚀必须加以控制。荒原必须开采活动后进行回收。在矿区的垃圾场必须由种草，灌木和树木进行密封。空气中的水和土壤的污染必须加以控制。生态系统已经被照顾。有必要单独制定农林业，而不是农业和林业的木柴和饲料。森林砍伐是由于国内需求燃料，木材，牲畜饲料引起的，在天然草的土地，就促成了这方面遵守的一般生态退化的陡坡滥种植放牧。各方面的详细研究在文中讨论。森林面积的保护是通过增加社会林业，农业，林业，农牧养殖，满足了柴火和饲料的需求来实现的。它可以提供就业机会，农村人，并鼓励在社区一级自力更生。这将有助于保持水土。社会经济系统将提高。植树造林工作必须放在首位。这个区域作为民用燃料的能耗是由调查研究。结果被计算如下，67％木柴，9％的​​商业燃料（LPG和煤油），2％炭，3％的电力，4％动物废物（包括戈巴尔气体植物），15％的农业废物。有需求和柴火的供应有很大的差距。由于这片森林的结果是在这方面的压力。这是必要的，以尽量减少对不可再生资源的压力。提出了建议，以增加可再生能源。以下是一些建议提高认识的程序。他们是示范，为管理员视听培训，出版，并在当地语言小册子，为学校的儿童和青少年，并进行会议和研讨会方案。本文的目的是通过考虑各种方案，以达到目标得以实现。

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