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首页> 外文会议>Beltwide Cotton Conference >INFLUENCE OF MANAGEMENT ON CROP MICROCLIMATE AND CONTROLOF COTTON BOLLWORM AND BOLL WEEVIL
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INFLUENCE OF MANAGEMENT ON CROP MICROCLIMATE AND CONTROLOF COTTON BOLLWORM AND BOLL WEEVIL

机译：管理对棉铃虫和棉铃虫和棉铃虫的作物微观和控制的影响

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Low relative humidity and high temperatures in cotton fields in the New Mexico Chihuahuan desert dramatically reducedimmature boll weevil Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman survival. The degree of survival was also affected by culturalpractices that affected crop microclimate. Boll weevils in infested squares placed in cotton furrows for 10 days in early seasonhad 100% mortality. After canopy closure when temperatures were lower and relative humidity higher, some adultsemerged from squares, but emergence varied with management practices. Rows oriented north/south had 38% emergencecompared to 9% emergence in rows oriented east/west. Narrow row cotton with 17-cm row widths had higher survival ofboll weevils, lower temperatures and higher relative humidity than standard 96-cm row widths. Mean daily high temperaturein-furrow was 22oC lower in 17-cm rows compared to 96-cm rows with mean highs of 32oC and 54oC respectively. Relativehumidity in-furrow was also significantly lower in 96-cm rows with lows of 17% RH compared to 24-25% RH in 34-cm and17-cm rows. Squares under the plant canopy had 34% emergence of adults compared to 6% emergence of squares in the centerof the furrow. In a controlled chamber test at 26oC, low RH reduced adult emergence, and resulted in an extended emergencetime and a shorter adult lifespan. Adult emergence was 91% at 50% RH vs. 41% at 17% RH. Adult lifespan wasmuch shorter at 17% RH with mean lifespan of 20 days compared to 42 days for those reared and maintained at 50% RH.Adult emergence was also delayed 2 days at 17% RH compared to those at 50% RH. Results for cotton bollworm, were morevariable but hatch rates were lower in east-west oriented rows and 96 cm row spacing. These results indicate that naturalmortality to insects due to high temperatures and low RH can be very high in the desert valleys of the Chihuahuan desert.Also, higher relative humidity, lower temperatures and higher survival of boll weevil in narrow row cotton suggest that theincreasing use of narrow row cotton in arid/semi-arid areas will result in higher boll weevil populations and damage.
机译：新墨西哥州奇瓦华沙漠中棉田的低相对湿度和高温急剧下滑地区的棉铃象鼻虫anthonomus grandis grandis bohman suvival。存活程度也受到影响作物微气密的文化的影响。在早期的季节性饱受的正方形中，在棉絮沟中的染色方块进行了10天的棉铃虫象鼻虫。在冠层闭合后，当温度较低并且相对湿度较高时，一些从正方形成熟，但出现的管理实践变化。以北/南为导向的行有38％的突然表现出到东/西方的行的9％出现。窄行棉具有17厘米的行宽度较高的繁体象鼻虫，较低的温度和比标准的96厘米行宽度更高的相对湿度。平均每日高温高温沟22oC，17厘米的行相比，与96厘米的行分别为32℃和54oC。相对于沟槽的相对源性在96厘米的行中也显着降低了17％RH的低于24-25％RH，34厘米和17厘米的行。植物冠层下方的正方体有34％的成年人的出现，而犁沟中心的正方体出现的6％。在26oC的受控室试验中，低RH降低成人出现，并导致延长突发时间和较短的成人寿命。成人出苗以50％的RH为91％，在17％RH下为41％。成人Lifeman Wasmuch以17％的RH短，平均寿命为20天，而42天，饲养和维持在50％RH.Adult的情况下，与50％RH的人相比，17％RH延迟2天。结果棉花虫，孵化率较低，但东西方的行和96厘米的行间距较低。这些结果表明，由于高温和低温引起的昆虫中的天然植物可以非常高，在吉瓦川沙漠的沙漠山谷中可以很高。在狭窄的行棉中，铃铛象鼻虫的相对湿度，较低的温度和更高的生存，表明这种使用干旱/半干旱地区的窄行棉将导致更高的蒴果象征群体和损坏。

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