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首页> 外文会议>International conference on desertification in the Third millennium >Desert Forages of the Arabian Peninsula - The Conservation and Utilization of Biodiversity for Sustainable Animal Production in the United Arab Emirates
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Desert Forages of the Arabian Peninsula - The Conservation and Utilization of Biodiversity for Sustainable Animal Production in the United Arab Emirates

机译：阿拉伯半岛的沙漠饲养 - 在阿拉伯联合酋长国可持续动物生产的生物多样性的保护和利用

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The native plant biodiversity of the Arabian Peninsula, which comprises over 3500 species, is being rapidly depleted. Over 90% of the total land area now suffers from some form of desertification, and 44% is severely or very severely degraded. The primary cause is overgrazing, particularly by the large population of small ruminants. Increasing amounts of supplementary feed in the form of Rhodes-grass (Chloris gayana) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is being produced to accommodate the shortfall from the rangeland. These species consume huge volumes of water, (up to 48,000 m~3/ha/yr). Therefore groundwater reserves have fallen dramatically and in some cases have caused the salinity levels to rise. Indigenous grasses are however adapted to the local climatic conditions and have been shown to respond dramatically to very small amounts of irrigation. There is an urgent need to collect and conserve these grasses and evaluate their potential as fodder crops under systems using minimal irrigation and water of relatively high salt content. The National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS), universities and research departments of the municipalities of the Arabian Peninsula, working with the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), have taken steps to address the resulting degradation in the Arabian Peninsula, through the use of indigenous forages. The paper focuses on that part of the research that has been done specifically in the United Arab Emirates and describes systematically a holistic approach that was begun in 1997 to address the above problems.
机译：阿拉伯半岛的原生植物生物多样性，包括超过3500种物种，正在迅速耗尽。超过90％的土地面积现在遭受某种形式的荒漠化，44％严重或非常严重降级。主要原因是过度提升，特别是由大型反刍动物的大群。正在制作rhodes-graph（氯gayana）和苜蓿（Medicago sativa）形式的补充饲料的量增加，以适应牧场的不足。这些物种消耗巨大的水量，（高达48,000米〜3 / ha / yr）。因此地下水储量急剧下降，在某些情况下导致盐度水平升高。然而，土着草被适应局部气候条件，并且已被证明是急剧反应的非常少量的灌溉。迫切需要收集和保护这些草，并根据使用相对高盐含量的最小灌溉和水在系统下作为饲料作物评估其潜力。 Arabian半岛市的国家农业研究系统（NARS），大学和研究部门，与干旱地区（ICARDA）的国际农业研究中心合作，已经采取了措施，以解决阿拉伯半岛的降解，通过使用土着缺口。本文重点介绍，在阿拉伯联合酋长国在阿拉伯联合酋长国进行了专门的一部分，并系统地描述了1997年开始的整体方法，以解决上述问题。

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