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首页> 外文会议>International Joint Power Generation conference >APPLICATION OF NOVEL SPEED-OF-SOUND BASED TECHNIQUE TO MEASURE STEAM WETNESS WITH POTENTIAL APPLICATION INTO LP EXHAUST
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APPLICATION OF NOVEL SPEED-OF-SOUND BASED TECHNIQUE TO MEASURE STEAM WETNESS WITH POTENTIAL APPLICATION INTO LP EXHAUST

机译：新型基于速度技术的应用测量蒸汽湿度，潜在应用进入LP排气

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Wet steam is a common occurrence at the exhaust of the LP turbines in fossil-fired steam plants. In nuclear turbines, wet steam will be found right from the high-pressure sections. The presence of moisture in steam reduces the aerodynamic efficiency of the turbine sections, thus reducing the overall efficiency of the turbine. Additionally, water droplets also cause erosion and corrosion of buckets and other components. LP turbines account for a significant portion of the total cost of the turbines (due to the enormous sizes required by the expanding steam) and produce significant portion of the power output. Measuring and controlling wetness will help improve both the performance and reliability of turbines. A novel way of measuring the composition of wet steam using a speed of sound based technique is being developed. The technique, based on technology developed for measuring two-phase flow compositions in down-hole (oil-field) applications, relies on measuring acoustic pressures propagating in a one-dimensional wave-guide (pipe or tube) using an array of axially located pressure transducers. The technique is non-intrusive to the flow field and relies on passive listening of the noise generated by the flow itself (and, hence differs from the conventional ultrasound based techniques). The current study is an ongoing effort and the paper will focus on the feasibility of this technique for wet steam application. The eventual aim is to be able to measure steam wetness in the range of 0-10% with an accuracy of ±0.2%. Initially, the ability of the technique to accurately measure the wetness in air-water mixture was established using an air and water mist facility. Next, high subsonic flow conditions were evaluated in single phase (air only) flow using a wind tunnel facility. Excellent agreement between speed of sound calculated for air, based on conventional pressure and temperature measurements in a wind tunnel, and that measured directly by the probe was obtained. The wind tunnel tests showed that the SOS measured by the probe and conventional instrumentation agreed within ± 1.5%. This establishes that the technique is capable of accurately measuring the speed of sound, which is the primary variable to calculate the flow composition. The technique can also be used to measure volume. Although the wind lunnel tests were not specifically designed to assess the accuracy of the flow rate measurement, comparisons were made between the flow velocities given by the probe and reference measurements. The additional motivation was to assess the ability of the probe to monitor volume flow/mass flow at high Mach numbers where only shorter straight sections are available. The flow velocities measured by the probe agreed with those calculated using the wind tunnel instrumentation (wall-static taps) within the estimated uncertainty levels introduced by the flow blockage and profile distortions. Additional tests are planned to assess flow rate accuracy. Effort is continuing to study steam flows representative of exhaust of low pressure steam turbines in steam plants.
机译：湿蒸汽是在燃烧化石燃料的蒸汽植物LP涡轮机的排气经常发生的。在核涡轮机，湿蒸汽会从一高压部分找到。水分在蒸汽的存在降低了涡轮机部分的空气动力学效率，从而降低了涡轮机的整体效率。另外，水滴还会引起水桶和其他部件的侵蚀和腐蚀。 LP涡轮机占涡轮机的总成本的一个显著部分（由于由蒸汽膨胀所需的巨大尺寸），并产生功率输出的显著部分。测量和控制湿度，有利于提高的性能和涡轮机的可靠性。测量使用基于声音技术的速度湿蒸汽的组合物的新方法正在开发中。该技术的基础上，技术用于在井下测量两相流的组合物（油场）应用而开发的，依赖于测量使用的轴向定位的阵列的声压在一维波导传播（管道或管）压力传感器。该技术是非侵入到流场，并且依赖于由流量本身（并因此与传统的基于超声的技术不同）产生的噪声的被动收听。目前的研究工作正在进行之中，本文将重点放在这种技术湿蒸汽应用的可行性。最终目标是能够测量的0-10％的范围内蒸汽湿度为±0.2％的精度。最初，该技术的精确测量在空气 - 水混合物润湿的能力，使用的空气和水雾设施建立。接着，高亚音速流动条件在单相进行了评价（仅空气）流使用风洞设施。得到直接由探头测量计算出的空气的声音的速度之间良好的协议的基础上，在风洞中常规压力和温度测量，和。风洞试验表明，SOS测量由探针和常规仪表±1.5％的范围内一致。这建立了该技术是能够精确测量的声音的速度，这是主要的变量来计算流组合物。该技术也可以用于测量体积。虽然风lunnel试验没有特别设计用于评估流量测量的准确性，比较是由探针和参考测量给出的流动速度之间进行比较。额外的动机是为了评估所述探针，监测在其中仅较短的直的部分提供高马赫数体积流量/质量流量的能力。由探针测量的流速同意这些使用由流动阻塞和轮廓变形引入的不确定性估计水平内的风洞仪器（壁静态抽头）来计算。额外的测试计划，以评估流量精度。努力继续研究蒸汽流代表在蒸汽植物低压蒸汽涡轮机的排气的。

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