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首页> 外文会议>International Symposium of the Soil Science Society of America >Soil Physical Effects of Puddling in Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems
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Soil Physical Effects of Puddling in Rice-Wheat Cropping Systems

机译：水稻小麦种植体系中卧小鼠的土壤体育效应

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Rice-wheat is the principal cropping system in Asian countries, covering about 24 million ha area. Puddling (wet tillage) is the most common technique of rice establishment in this system. However, controversies exist regarding the residual effects ofpuddling on wheat yield cultivated after rice. The reasons for these are that puddling effects on soil properties are texture related, and cultivation is done under variable conditions of climate and management. Post-rice wheat yields are generally lowin those soils that undergo radical changes in their physical properties upon puddling. This chapter briefly reviews the effects of puddling on soil physical properties, and their influence on rice and wheat productivity. Wheat yields in post-rice soilsmay be constrained due to factors such as large turnaround time, poor soil tilth of seedbed, subsoil compaction, poor drainage, restricted aeration, and high mechanical impedance to roots. Adoption of a tillage system less intensive than puddling in ricemay benefit the subsequent wheat crop. Organic residue management to enhance recovery of soil structure in post-rice soils, breaking hardpans by deep tillage, subsoiling or chiseling, or optimally regulating nutrients and water in the soil layer above the compact zone are other options to improve wheat yields in post-rice soils. In coarse-textured soils, as in the Indo-Gangetic plains, alternate tillage systems, including bed planting, zero or conservation tillage, and others, seem to have good potential and may be critically examined and adopted to reduce cost of cultivation and sustaining rice-wheat productivity.
机译：米小麦是亚洲国家的主要种植制度，涵盖了约2400万公顷的地区。 Puddling（湿于耕作）是该系统中最常见的大米建立技术。然而，存在关于水稻栽培小麦产量的剩余影响的争议。这些原因是对土壤性质的伙伴性效应是相关的，并且在气候和管理的可变条件下进行培养。水稻后小麦产量通常低于在伙伴挤压时经历自由基变化的土壤。本章简要介绍了挤渣对土壤物理性质的影响，以及它们对水稻和小麦生产力的影响。稻米泥镁的小麦产量由于大转周变时间，苗床土壤差，泥土压实，排水差，限制，曝气差和高机械阻抗等因素而受到约束。采用耕作系统不太密集，而不是在Ricemay中受益于随后的小麦作物。有机残留管理，提高水稻土壤土壤结构恢复，深耕，破解，脱磷，椎间散，或最佳地调节紧凑型土壤中的土壤层中的养分和水是其他选择，以提高水稻后小麦产量土壤。在粗糙的土壤中，如在印刷平原中，替代耕作系统，包括床种植，零或保护耕作，以及其他似乎具有良好的潜力，并且可能会批判性地检查和采用以降低培养和维持水稻的成本-Wheeat生产力。

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