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>Combining Ability and Heterotic Grouping of Ten Temperate, Tropical, and Subtropical Quality Protein Maize Inbreds
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Combining Ability and Heterotic Grouping of Ten Temperate, Tropical, and Subtropical Quality Protein Maize Inbreds
Information on the combining ability and heterotic response is important to the maize breeders. The objective of this study was to analyze the combining ability for grain yield and to determine the heterotic groups of 10 quality protein maize (QPM) lines through evaluation of 45 crosses from a diallel of the 10 lines in three typical environments. The genetic similarities and relationships among the 10 QPM lines were estimated using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Based on the data from the field trials, five high-yielding crosses CML166xQi205, CML194xCML166, CML161xCA339, CML166xChang631/O2 and CML171xCA339 were selected. Inbreds CML161, CML166, CML171, Qi205, and CML194 were identified as the ideal parental lines for developing high-yielding hybrids due to their large GCA effects for grain yield. The 10 QPM lines were divided into four heterotic groups on the basis of the SCA effects of the 45 crosses; the four groups correspond with the known pedigrees. The inbreds were analyzed using a set of 37 polymorphic SSR markers, and a total of 105 SSR alleles were detected among the 10 lines. The SSR data was used to estimate the genetic similarities among the 10 lines. Based on the genetic similarity matrix, cluster analysis grouped the 10 lines into four clusters, which generally agreed with the known pedigrees and mostly were correspondent with the results of SCA analysis. This study would serve as a guide to broaden the Chinese QPM genetic background; introgressions can be carried out between the tropical, subtropical, and temperate lines of the same heterotic groups.
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