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首页> 外文会议>International Conference of the European Aquaculture Society >USE OF PROBIOTICS IN THE REARING OF SEA BREAM (SPARUS AURATA) AND SENEGALESE SOLE (SOLEA SENEGALENSIS)
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USE OF PROBIOTICS IN THE REARING OF SEA BREAM (SPARUS AURATA) AND SENEGALESE SOLE (SOLEA SENEGALENSIS)

机译：益生菌在海上鲷（Sparus Aurata）和Senegalese Sole（Solea Senegalensis）的饲养中使用

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Marine aquaculture is a fast growing industry in the south of Europe. Limited access to high quality juveniles and occurrence of diseases has been a limiting factor for further growth. A need for disease control has led to increased use of medicationin farmed fish. Use of antibiotics has negative effects, however, due to the development of antibiotic resistant strains in the cultured stocks. The result is that the use of antibiotics has little or no effect, and that resistant bacteria may spread tothe environment. An increased need for alternative ways to fight diseases in live stocks has been a major priority within research in the European Community. The use of probiotic bacteria may decrease problems with disease avoiding the use of antibiotics. Probiotics are live bacteria that can be added in the diet and have a positive effect for the fish: (i) by competing with pathogens for nutrients or adhesion sites, (ii) by aiding the digestive processes, or (iii) by producing important micronutrients.Some of these probiotic bacteria will be digested together with the food, but the rest will have the opportunity to colonise the gut at least for a certain time period (Makridis et al., 2000a; Makridis et al., 2000b). Other alternative ways to improve health management in a marine fish hatchery include the use of vaccines and immunostimulants. During the early life stages the use of vaccines is more complicated, as the specific immune system of the fish may not be yet fully developed during the first weeks after hatching (Castro Cunha et al., 2003).
机译：海洋水产养殖是欧洲南部的快速增长行业。对高质量幼年的有限获得和疾病的发生是进一步增长的限制因素。需要疾病控制导致使用药物养殖鱼类的使用。然而，由于培养股票中的抗生素抗性菌株的发育，使用抗生素具有负面影响。结果是，使用抗生素几乎没有效果，抗性细菌可能会蔓延到环境。增加了对现场股票中疾病的替代方式的需求，这是欧洲共同体中的重大优先事项。益生菌的使用可能会降低避免使用抗生素的疾病的问题。益生菌是活细菌，可以在饮食中添加，并通过竞争消化方法或（III）通过产生重要的微量营养素来竞争营养或粘附位点（II）的病原体来添加。这些益生菌的组织将与食物一起消化，但其余的将有机会至少在一定时间段内定植肠道（Makridis等，2000A; Makridis等，2000b）。改善海洋鱼类孵化场中健康管理的其他替代方法包括使用疫苗和免疫刺激剂。在早期寿命期间，使用疫苗的使用更加复杂，因为鱼类的特定免疫系统在孵化后的第一周可能无法完全发展（Castro Cunha等，2003）。

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