MITIGATION OF BODY DEFORMITIES IN JUVENILE CYPRINIDS INTENSIVELY FED DRY FORMULATED DIET UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

机译：在受控条件下缓解幼年脱蛋白的身体畸形浓度喂养干燥配制饮食

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When fed dry diets intensively (i.e. closely to satiation), juvenile cyprinids commonly develop spinal deformities (Wolnicki, 2005), most often scoliosis (Photo 1), what may result from low efficiency of assimilation of dietary macrominerals (especially P and Ca) responsible for skeleton mineralization (Sugiura et al., 2004). Since share of deformed fish can increase in a short time even to 100%, external abnormalities are of both biological and economic importance.

机译：当喂养干燥的饮食（即饱满的饱食）时，幼年脱蛋白通常发育脊柱畸形（Wolnicki，2005），最常见的脊柱侧凸（照片1），可能是由于膳食大分子（特别是P和CA）的低效率低的效率对于骨架矿化（Sugiura等，2004）。由于变形鱼的份额可以在短时间内增加，甚至100％，外部异常具有生物和经济的重要性。

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《International Conference of the European Aquaculture Society》|2008年||共2页
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J. Sikorska; J. Wolnicki; R. Kaminski;
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1. Fatty acid composition, growth and morphological deformities in juvenile cyprinid, Scardinius erythrophthalmus fed formulated diet supplemented with natural food [J] . Kamler E, Wolnicki J, Kaminski R, Aquaculture . 2008,第1a4期

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2. Dry diet-influenced growth, size variability, condition and body deformities in juvenile crucian carp Carassius carassius L. reared under controlled conditions [J] . Myszkowski, Leszek, Kamiński, Archives of Polish Fisheries . 2012,第3期

机译：受控制条件饲养的Dry鱼干粮的生长，大小变异，状况和身体畸形影响
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机译：少年湖鲟（＆ acipenser fulvescens）的最佳喂养速率的测定喂养配方干饮料
4. MITIGATION OF BODY DEFORMITIES IN JUVENILE CYPRINIDS INTENSIVELY FED DRY FORMULATED DIET UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS [C] . J. Sikorska, J. Wolnicki, R. Kaminski International Conference of the European Aquaculture Society . 2008

机译：在受控条件下缓解幼年脱蛋白的身体畸形浓度喂养干燥配制饮食
5. Growth of juvenile American oysters, Crassostrea virginica, fed fresh, frozen and freeze-dried microalgal diets of three Tetraselmis species [D] . MacDonald, Gaye E. 2006

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6. A moderate fat low-energy dry expanded diet reduces gain in body condition score when fed as part of a post neutering weight-control regimen in growing pet cats [O] . Nathaniel Spofford, Isabelle Mougeot, Denise A. Elliott, 2014

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7. Six practical diets were formulated to contain 2.6 (the basal diet), 48.9, 95.5, 189.83, 382.4, 779.53 mg/kg vitamin C diet. After 8 weeks of feeding, growth performance, antioxidant status, and innate immunity of juvenile pufferfish were analyzed. Results showed that specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio in fish fed diets supplemented with vitamin C were significantly higher than in fish fed the control diet. Dietary vitamin C significantly up-regulated the expression levels of growth hormone receptors and Insulin-like growth factor. Blood cell numbers and respiratory burst activity were enhanced in fish fed vitamin C diet. Serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity were significantly influenced by the dietary vitamin C levels. Fish fed diets supplemented with vitamin C showed increased hepatic superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activity, but decreased malondialdehyde activity. In addition, we found that dietary vitamin C can significantly up-regulate the expression levels of immune-related genes (HSP70, HSP90, BAFF, TNF-α and IL-6) in liver. These results indicate that dietary vitamin C can significantly influence growth performance, antioxidant status, and innate immunity of pufferfish. [O] . Cheng C-H, Liang H-Y., Guo Z-X., 2017

机译：配制了六种实用饮食，分别含有2.6（基础饮食），48.9、95.5、189.83、382.4、779.53 mg / kg维生素C饮食。喂食8周后，分析了幼崽河豚的生长性能，抗氧化剂状态和先天免疫力。结果表明，补充维生素C的鱼饲料的比生长速率和蛋白质效率比显着高于对照组的鱼。饮食中的维生素C显着上调了生长激素受体和胰岛素样生长因子的表达水平。喂鱼的维生素C饮食可提高血细胞数量和呼吸爆发活性。饮食中的维生素C水平显着影响血清碱性磷酸酶，谷氨酸-丙酮酸转氨酶和谷氨酸-草酰乙酸转氨酶的活性。补充维生素C的鱼饲料日粮中肝超氧化物歧化酶，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性增加，但丙二醛活性降低。此外，我们发现饮食中的维生素C可以显着上调肝脏中免疫相关基因（HSP70，HSP90，BAFF，TNF-α和IL-6）的表达水平。这些结果表明，饮食中的维生素C可以显着影响河豚的生长性能，抗氧化状态和先天免疫力。

MITIGATION OF BODY DEFORMITIES IN JUVENILE CYPRINIDS INTENSIVELY FED DRY FORMULATED DIET UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

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