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Application of 3-D Reservoir Simulator for Hydraulically Fractured Wells

机译：三维储液模拟器对液压骨折井的应用

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The evaluation of hydrocarbon reservoirs often requires a reservoir simulation model. Historically, there have been two basic approaches used for modeling a hydraulic fracture in a 3-D reservoir simulator. In the first method, the hydraulic racture was approximated with a negative skin or an increase in the effective wellbore radius. This approach was generally adequate for moderate to high permeability wells; however, it does not capture all the important physics of flow into and through the fracture. This limitation becomes even more critical in cases of multiphase flow, multi-layer reservoir and non-Darcy effects in the fracture. In the second method, the fracture was explicitly simulated in the reservoir model. In simple cases, this approach was practical even when the gridding was performed manually. Its main limitation was the gridding schemes that represent both the fracture and reservoir becoming complicated–especially for horizontal wells with multiple hydraulic fractures and multi-layer reservoirs.
机译：烃储层的评估通常需要储层模拟模型。从历史上看，有两种基本方法用于在三维水库模拟器中建模液压骨折。在第一种方法中，液压判断用负皮肤近似或有效井筒半径的增加。这种方法通常适用于中度至高渗透井;但是，它不会捕获流入和通过骨折的所有重要物理。在骨折中的多相流动，多层储存器和非达西效应的情况下，这种限制变得更加重要。在第二种方法中，在储层模型中明确地模拟了裂缝。在简单的情况下，即使手动进行网格，这种方法也很实用。其主要限制是格栅方案，其代表骨折和水库变得复杂 - 特别适用于具有多个液压骨折和多层储存器的水平孔。

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