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首页> 外文会议>American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference and Exposition >An Electromagnetic Railgun Design and Realization for an Electrical Engineering Capstone Project
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An Electromagnetic Railgun Design and Realization for an Electrical Engineering Capstone Project

机译：电磁轨道设计与实现电气工程帽工程

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This work reports on how a team of four undergraduate students at the United States Air Force Academy designed, built, and tested a desk-top railgun for a year-long senior design project. The objective of the design was to safely launch a small projectile at a muzzle velocity of 350 meters/second from an approximately 1-meter long barrel using capacitor-based energy storage limited to a maximum of 450 VDC. The projectile needed to be fired into a catch to facilitate demonstrations inside a laboratory environment. The project was also constrained by a $5,000 operating budget and access to parts available in the laboratory. The three electrical engineering students and one systems engineering student self-selected the project and decided how to divide tasks, structured and managed a schedule, planned budget use, and leveraged in-house machine shop capabilities. The paper describes how the cadets decomposed the project into a set of subsystems including: (1) the rail system and supporting barrel, (2) the armature or projectile, (3) an injection system to provide the projectile with an initial velocity along the rails, (4) a mechanical catch system to facilitate safe and convenient firing, (5) an electrical energy storage system, (6) a high-voltage circuit for charging the storage system, (7) a pulse-forming network (PFN) that interfaces the storage system to the rails, (8) timing electronics needed to actuate the PFN, (9) a measurement system to monitor muzzle velocity, rail current, capacitor voltage, and rail temperatures, and (10) safety elements and protocol to minimize the probability of shock, misfire, or accident. The paper then describes how the project evolved from a System Requirements Review to the Preliminary, Critical, and Final Design Reviews. This senior design project was especially notable for three factors: (a) the emphasis on an early implementation which facilitated multiple passes along the design spiral, (b) the close synergy between the evolution of the hardware and the simulation models, and (c) the inter-disciplinary nature of the design which provided opportunities for electrical engineers to consider items such as material properties, forces on the barrel, temperature effects, aerodynamic drag, rail ablation, and velocity measurements. In the process of the design, students were able to leverage their circuit analysis skills and build on their simulation experience in both Multisim and Simulink. The paper concludes with a section on lessons learned and recommendations on strategies for mentoring such a project.
机译：这项工作报告了美国空军学院的四名本科学校的一支团队如何设计，建造，并测试了一年长的高级设计项目的桌面轨道。该设计的目的是在大约1米长的桶中安全地在350米/秒的枪口速度上发射小射弹，这些电容器的能量存储限制为最多450 VDC。需要将射弹被解雇入捕获，以促进实验室环境内的示威活动。该项目也受到5,000美元的经营预算和获得实验室可用的零件。三种电气工程学生和一个系统工程学生自我选择项目，并决定如何划分任务，结构化和管理时间表，计划预算使用，并利用内部机器店的能力。本文介绍了CADETS如何将该项目分解成一组子系统，包括：（1）轨道系统和支撑桶，（2）电枢或弹丸，（3）注射系统，以提供沿着初始速度的射弹轨道，（4）机械捕获系统，以促进安全且方便的烧制，（5）电能存储系统，（6）用于对存储系统充电的高压电路，（7）脉冲形成网络（PFN）将存储系统接口到轨道，（8）致动PFN，（9）测量系统所需的定时电子器件，以监测枪口速度，轨道电流，电容电压和轨道温度，以及（10）安全元件和协议尽量减少休克，失火或事故的概率。然后，该文件描述了项目如何从系统需求审查到初步，关键和最终设计评审。这项高级设计项目对于三个因素特别显着：（a）重点是早期实施，促进了沿着设计螺旋，（b）硬件演变与仿真模型之间的紧密协同作用，（c）设计的互学科性质为电气工程师提供了考虑材料特性，力量的机会，在桶，温度效应，空气动力学阻力，轨道消融和速度测量等项目。在设计过程中，学生能够利用他们的电路分析技能并在多层和Simulink中展开他们的模拟体验。本文缔结了一节关于经验教训和关于指导此类项目的策略的建议。

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