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首页> 外文会议>Water in Mining Conference >Integration of Mine Planning with Groundwater Modelling to Optimise Mine Closure Plans at the Marillana Creek (Yandi) Mine
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Integration of Mine Planning with Groundwater Modelling to Optimise Mine Closure Plans at the Marillana Creek (Yandi) Mine

机译：地下水建模的矿山规划整合优化Marillana Creek（Yandi）矿山矿井封闭计划

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A major challenge for closure planning at mining operations below the water table is evaporation from final void pit lakes and concentration of salts, which can impact on downstream groundwater (and surface water) flows and quality. Where such impacts are deemed unacceptable, the closure approach that is often adopted is to infill the final voids with waste rock to above the pre-mining water table to prevent the development of a pit lake and subsequent evaporative losses. BHP Billiton Iron Ore's Marillana Creek (Yandi) mining operations face these issues. The orebody is a channel iron deposit that forms the major aquifer in the region, which will be completely mined as a series of elongated open pits over tens of kilometres. The major constraint on mine closure planning was the stripping ratio of less than one, which means that there is insufficient waste rock to infill all areas to the pre-mining water table. Hydrogeological investigations and groundwater modelling indicated that standard mine closure approaches would result in pit void lakes becoming saline sinks unless the residual void geometry was optimised to minimise evaporation and maximise throughflow. The solution developed is a cost-effective long-term mine plan that meets all mine closure objectives, and involved: the selective infilling of all pits, largely using run-of-mine waste dumping with limited re-handling; the diversion of the major part of up-catchment creek flows around the mining operations to allow mining of the resource under Marillana Creek crossings, which in turn restricted overall aquifer recharge and reduced the elevation of the long-term water table; the diversion of some minor creek tributary flows into specific locations within the mine path to induce hydraulic gradients to maintain groundwater throughflow and water quality; and close integration of mine plan optimisation (mining and waste dumping schedules) with groundwater modelling scenarios to achieve acceptable environmental outcomes. This approach is designed to result in no reduction in downstream surface water flows or quality, maintenance of adequate downstream groundwater throughflow to support groundwater dependent ecosystems, and no reduction in the beneficial use status of the downstream groundwater resource.
机译：在水桌下方的采矿业务下的封闭计划的一项重大挑战是从最终的空隙坑湖泊蒸发和盐浓度，这可能会影响下游地下水（和地表水）流动和质量。在这种影响被认为是不可接受的情况下，经常采用的封闭方法是将最终空隙用废岩填充到预先采矿台上，以防止坑湖的发展和随后的蒸发损失。 BHP Billiton铁矿石的Marillana Creek（Yandi）采矿业务面临这些问题。矿体是一种在该地区的主要含水层形成的渠道铁矿矿器，这将完全开采，作为一系列超过数十公里的细长开放坑。矿井关闭规划的主要限制是剥离比例小于一个，这意味着废物岩石不足以将所有区域填充到预采矿台上。水文地质调查和地下水模型表明，标准矿井闭合方法将导致坑空隙湖泊成为盐水槽，除非优化残留的空隙几何形状以最大限度地减少蒸发并最大限度地通过流量。该解决方案开发的是一个经济高效的长期矿山计划，符合所有矿井关闭目标，涉及：选择性地渗透所有坑，主要使用矿井废物倾倒有限的重新处理;上集水溪流的主要部分的转移在采矿业务周围流动，以便在Marillana Creek Crossings下挖掘资源，这反过来限制整体含水层充电并降低了长期水位的高度;一些小溪支流的转移流入矿井路径内的特定位置，以诱导液压梯度以维持地下水流过流量和水质;矿井计划优化（采矿和废物倾倒时间表）与地下水建模情景结束整合，实现可接受的环境结果。这种方法旨在导致下游表面水流或质量的降低，维护充足的下游地下水流量，以支持地下水依赖生态系统，并没有减少下游地下水资源的有益使用状态。

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