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The Impact of North Atlantic Wind andCyclone Trends on European Precipitationand Significant Wave Height in the Atlantic

机译：北大西洋蜿蜒趋势对大西洋欧洲沉淀的影响

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An analysis of the frequency of cyclones and surface wind velocity for the Euro—Atlantic sector is performed by means of an objective methodology. Monthly and seasonal trends of cyclones and wind speed magnitude are computed and trends between 1960 and 2000 evaluated. Results reveal a significant frequency decrease (increase) in the western Mediterranean (Greenland and Scandinavia), particularly in December, February, and March. Seasonal and monthly analysis of wind magnitude trends shows similar spatial patterns. We show that these changes in the frequency of low-pressure centers and the associated wind patterns are partially responsible for trends in the significant height of waves. Throughout the extended winter months (October—March), regions with positive (negative) wind magnitude trends, of up to 5 cm/s/year, often correspond to regions of positive (negative) significant wave height trends. The cyclone and wind speed trends computed for January—March are well matched by the corresponding trends in significant wave height, with February being the month with the highest trends (negative south of lat 50°N up to –3 cm/year, and positive up to 5 cm/year just north of Scotland). Trends in European precipitation are assessed using the Climatic Research Unit data set. The results of the assessment emphasize the link with the corresponding tendencies of cyclone frequencies. Finally, it is shown that these changes are associated, to a large extent, with the preferred phases of major large-scale atmospheric circulation modes, particularly with the North Atlantic Oscillation, the eastern Atlantic pattern, and the Scandinavian pattern.
机译：通过目标方法进行欧洲大西洋部门的旋风区和表面风速频率的分析。计算的旋风和风速幅度的每月和季节性趋势，并在1960年至2000年间评估趋势。结果揭示了西地中海（格陵兰州和斯堪的纳维亚）的显着频率下降（增加），特别是2月，2月和3月。风量趋势的季节性和月度分析显示出类似的空间模式。我们表明，低压中心频率和相关风图案的这些变化部分负责波浪显着高度的趋势。在整个延长的冬季（10月至3月），积极（负）风幅度趋势的地区，高达5厘米/年/年，通常对应于积极（负）显着波浪高度趋势的区域。 1月3月份计算的旋风和风速趋势与显着波浪高度的相应趋势很好，2月份是趋势最高的月份（LAT 50°的负数南部至3厘米/年，积极苏格兰北部最多5厘米/年）。使用气候研究单位数据集评估欧洲降水的趋势。评估结果强调了与旋风频率相应趋势的联系。最后，表明这些变化在很大程度上与主要大规模大气循环模式的优选阶段相关，特别是与北大西洋振荡，东部大西洋模式和斯堪的纳维亚模式。

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