Community participation in natural risk prevention:case histories from Colombia

机译：社区参与自然风险预防：来自哥伦比亚的病例历史

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More than 75% of Colombia's 42 million people live in urban areas located in the mountains and are exposed to numerous natural hazards: floods, flash floods, landslides, earth-quakes and volcanism. The Armero disaster of 1985 triggered the creation of the National System for Disaster Prevention and Relief. National, regional and local committees started to operate across the country, accompanied by education commissions that produced diverse audio-visual materials to help educate people living in these areas. The experiences of working with local committees gained during the last two decades are presented here. Case histories are from cities such as Pereira, Manizales and Medellin, where the local committees are run by people with little or no formal education but who understand that they must participate as a group to prevent or miti-gate the effects of natural disasters. The co-operation between technical experts and trained resi-dents represents an outstanding example of good communication and co-operation for urban populations living in dangerous areas. Although many problems have yet to be resolved, these case histories show that this type of organization seems to be more effective than direct interven-tion from national government agencies. The models of community participation and communi-cation developed and refined here may have application to similar social environments in other countries.

机译：超过75％的哥伦比亚4200万人住在山区的城市地区，暴露于众多自然灾害：洪水，闪光洪水，山体滑坡，地球和火山。 1985年的Armero灾难引发了国家防灾和救灾制度的创建。国家，区域和地方委员会开始在全国范围内运营，伴随着产生多样化的视听材料的教育委员会，以帮助教育生活在这些领域的人们。这里介绍了在过去二十年中获得的地方委员会工作的经验。案例历史来自佩雷拉，马尼亚尔斯和麦德林等城市，当地委员会的人口受到正式或没有正式教育的人，但谁明白他们必须作为一个团体参与，以防止自然灾害的影响。技术专家和训练有素的Resi-凹痕之间的合作代表了危险地区的城市人群的良好沟通和合作的杰出典范。虽然许多问题尚未得到解决，但这些情况历史表明，这种类型的组织似乎比来自国家政府机构的直接干预更有效。社区参与和公共阳离子的模型在此发达和精致的可能性可能在其他国家的类似社会环境中申请。

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《Workshop on 'Communicating Environmental Geoscience'》|2008年||共13页
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M. HERMELIN; G. BEDOYA;
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中图分类 X4-532;
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Community; participation; histories;

机译：社区;参与;历史;

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1. Immature stages and natural history of some species of the subtribe Pronophilina (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) present in the paramo of Tablazo, Colombia III. Neopedaliodes zipa (Adams, 1986). [Spanish]Original Title Estados inmaduros e historia natural de algunas especies de la subtribu Pronophilina (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) presentes en el paramo del Tablazo, Colombia III. Neopedaliodes zipa (Adams, 1986). [J] . Montero Abril F., Ortiz Perez M. Tropical lepidoptera research . 2013,第1期

机译：存在于哥伦比亚塔巴索丛林中的Pronophilina亚种（Nymphalidae：Satyrinae）某些物种的不成熟阶段和自然历史。 Neopedaliodes zipa（Adams，1986）。 [西班牙文]原名哥伦比亚塔拉索动物园附近的Pronophilina亚部落（Nymphalidae：Satyrinae）某些物种的未成熟状态和自然历史。 Neopedaliodes zipa（Adams，1986）。
2. Immature stages and natural history of some species of the subtribe pronophilina (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) present in the paramo of Tablazo - Colombia. II. Lymanopoda schmidti Adams 1986. [Spanish]Original Title Estados inmaduros e historia natural de algunas especies de la subtribu pronophilina (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) presentes en el paramo del Tablazo - Colombia. II. Lymanopoda schmidti Adams 1986. [J] . Montero Abril F., Ortiz Perez M. Tropical lepidoptera research . 2012,第2期

机译：存在于塔布拉索（Pablazo）-哥伦比亚的降落伞下的pronophilina亚种（Nymphalidae：Satyrinae）某些物种的不成熟阶段和自然历史。二。 Lymanopoda schmidti Adams 1986年。[西班牙文]原标题存在于Paramo del Tablazo-哥伦比亚的Pronophilina亚部落（Nymphalidae：Satyrinae）的某些物种的未成熟状态和自然历史。二。 Lymanopoda schmidti Adams 1986年。
3. Community participation in landslide risk reduction: a case history from Central Andes, Peru [J] . Klimes Jan, Marlene Rosario Ana, Vargas Roque, Landslides . 2019,第9期

机译：社区参与山体滑坡风险减少：秘鲁中部的案例历史
4. Community participation in natural risk prevention:case histories from Colombia [C] . M. HERMELIN, G. BEDOYA Workshop on 'Communicating Environmental Geoscience' . 2008

机译：社区参与自然风险预防：来自哥伦比亚的病例历史
5. Using the Common Sense Model to describe representations of fall risk in high-risk community dwelling older adults and to explore the relationships among representations, threat of falling, fall prevention behaviors, and falling [D] . Hook, Mary L. 2007

机译：使用常识模型描述高风险社区居住的老年人中跌倒风险的表征，并探讨表征之间的关系，跌倒的威胁，预防跌倒行为和跌倒
6. Communities on the move: community participation in health in rural territories of Buenaventura District in Colombia [O] . Laura Catalina Blandón-Lotero, Marta Cecilia Jaramillo-Mejía 2020

机译：关于举措的社区：哥伦比亚布邦文化区农村地区的社区参与健康
7. Report drawn up on behalf of the Committee on Public Health and the Environment on the Communication from the Commission of the European Communities to the Council concerning the signing of the Paris Convention on the prevention of marine pollution from land-based sources; Recommendation for a council decision concluding the Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from land-based sources; Recommendation for a Council Decision concerning Community participation in the Working Party entitled "Provisional Commission," to be set up on the basis of Resolution III of the 1974 Paris Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from land-based sources. Working Documents 1974-1975, Document 197/74, 16 September 1974 [O] . Premoli Augusto 1974

机译：代表公共卫生和环境委员会起草的关于欧洲共同体委员会向理事会通报的关于签署“防止陆源海洋污染的巴黎公约”的报告;关于缔结“陆地来源防止海洋污染公约”的理事会决定的建议;建议理事会关于社区参与工作组的决定，题为“临时委员会”，将根据1974年“防止陆地来源海洋污染巴黎公约”第III号决议设立。工作文件1974-1975，197/74号文件，1974年9月16日
8. Proceedings of the Forum on Risk Management and Assessments of Natural Hazards. Toward a Safer America: Building Natural Hazard Resistant Communities through Risk Management and Assessments. Held in Washington, D.C. on February 5-6, 2001. [R] . 2001

机译：风险管理和自然灾害评估论坛会议记录。走向更安全的美国：通过风险管理和评估建立自然灾害抗性社区。 2001年2月5日至6日在华盛顿特区举行。

Community participation in natural risk prevention:case histories from Colombia

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