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首页> 外文会议>ASME International Conference on Energy Sustainability >INTEGRATIVE ANALYSIS OF NON-RENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN U.S.: DEMAND AND SUPPLY FACTORS, ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND POLICY EVALUATION
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INTEGRATIVE ANALYSIS OF NON-RENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN U.S.: DEMAND AND SUPPLY FACTORS, ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND POLICY EVALUATION

机译：美国电力发电的非可再生和可再生能源综合分析：需求和供应因素，环境风险和政策评估

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An equilibrium economic model for policy evaluation related to electricity generation has been developed; the model takes into account the non-renewable and renewable energy sources, demand and supply factors and environmental constraints. The non-renewable energy sources include three types of fossil fuels: coal, natural gas and petroleum, and renewable energy sources include nuclear, hydraulic, wind, solar photovoltaic, biomass wood, biomass waste and geothermal. Energy demand sectors include households, industrial manufacturing and commercial enterprises (non-manufacturing businesses such as software firms, banks, restaurants, service organizations, universities, etc.). Energy supply takes into account the electricity delivered to the consumer by the utility companies at a certain price which maybe different for retail and wholesale customers. Environmental risks primarily take into account the CO_2 generation from fossil fuels. The model takes into account the employment in various sectors and labor supply and demand. Detailed electricity supply and demand data, electricity cost data, employment data in various sectors and CO_2 generation data are collected for a period of seventeen years from 1990 to 2006 in U.S. The model is calibrated for the aggregate data. The calibrated model is then employed for policy analysis experiments if a switch is made in sources of electricity generation, namely from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. As an example, we consider a switch of 10% of electricity generation from coal to 5% from wind, 3% from solar photovoltaic, 1% from biomass wood and 1% from biomass waste. It should be noted that the cost of electricity generation from different sources is different and is taken into account. The consequences of this switch on supply and demand, employment, wages, and emissions are obtained from the economic model under three scenarios: (1) energy prices are fully regulated, (2) energy prices are fully adjusted with electricity supply fixed, and (3) energy prices and electricity supply both are fully adjusted.
机译：对于涉及到发电政策评估的平衡经济模式已经发展;该模型考虑到了不可再生和可再生能源，需求和供给因素和环境的制约。不可再生能源包括三种类型的化石燃料：煤，天然气和石油，和可再生能源包括核，液压，风能，太阳能光伏，生物质木材，生物质废物和地热。能源需求部门包括家庭，工业生产和商业企业（非制造业企业，如软件公司，银行，餐饮，服务机构，大学等）。能源供应考虑到在一定的价格为零售和批发客户这可能由不同的公用事业公司交付给消费者的电费。环境风险主要是考虑到CO_2代化石燃料。该模型考虑到了各个部门和劳动力供给和需求的就业机会。详细的电力供应和需求数据，电力成本数据，在各部门和CO_2生成数据就业数据收集为期十七年1990年至2006年在美国的模型校准的汇总数据。然后将校准的模型被用于政策分析实验，如果一个开关在发电来源制成，即从矿物燃料到可再生能源。作为一个例子，我们考虑的发电为10％的开关从煤到5％从风，3％来自太阳能光伏发电，从生物质木1％，并从生物质废弃物1％。应当指出的是，发电量来自不同渠道的成本是不同的，并且考虑。供给和需求，就业，工资和排放此开关的后果是从经济模式下三种方案获得：（1）能源价格全面上调，（2）能源价格完全与电力供应调节固定的，（ 3）能源价格上涨和电力供应都被充分调整。

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