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Use of imaging spectroscopy to assess different organic carbon fractions of agricultural soils

机译:使用成像光谱法评估农业土壤的不同有机碳级分

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The site for this study - located in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany ("Bitburger Gutland") - covered different geological substrates and agro-pedological zones. In total, 42 plots were sampled in the field; soil samples from the top horizon were analysed in the laboratory for total organic carbon (OC), hot water-extractable C (HWE-C) and microbial C (Cmic). In parallel to the ground campaign, a data set of the HyMap~(TM) airborne imaging sensor was acquired on 27th of August 2009. After pre-processing, HyMap spectra were used to assess the contents of OC, HWE-C and Cmic. As calibration method we used partial least squares regression (PLSR), as it allows a handling of large input spaces and noisy patterns. Since calibration quality was poor for HWE-C and Cmic (cross-validated r~(2) values were less than 0.5), we additionally combined PLSR with a genetic algorithm (GA) to preselect an optimum set of spectral features instead of using the full spectrum. With this GA-PLSR approach, results improved considerably for all constituents in the cross-validation (r~(2) >= 0.72). Very similar GA selection patterns for all carbon fractions suggest that spurious (indirect) correlations may be relevant for assessing HWE-C and Cmic. For the GA approach, some overfitting due to a selection based on chance correlations between C fractions and spectral variables cannot be excluded.
机译:这项研究的网站 - 位于德国莱茵兰 - 普法尔茨(“Bitburger Gutland”) - 覆盖了不同的地质基质和农业小说。总共有42个地块在该领域取样;在实验室中分析来自顶部地平线的土壤样品,用于总有机碳(OC),热水可提取的C(HWE-C)和微生物C(CMIC)。与地面活动并行,在2009年8月27日获取了Hymap〜(TM)空中成像传感器的数据集。预处理后,使用Hymap光谱来评估OC,HWE-C和CMIC的含量。作为校准方法,我们使用部分最小二乘回归(PLSR),因为它允许处理大输入空间和嘈杂的图案。由于HWE-C和CMIC(交叉验证的R〜(2)值小于0.5的校准质量差,因此我们将PLSR与遗传算法(GA)组合,以预先选择最佳的光谱特征集,而不是使用全谱。通过该GA-PLSR方法,对于交叉验证中的所有成分(R〜(2)> = 0.72),结果可以显着提高。所有碳级分的非常相似的GA选择模式表明,虚假(间接)相关性可能与评估HWE-C和CMIC相关。对于GA方法,不能排除基于C分数和光谱变量之间的机会相关性的选择的一些过度装备。

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