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Lipid Production From Lignocellulosic Materials Via Filamentous Fungi

机译：通过丝状真菌从木质纤维素材料产生脂质生产

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Converting lignocellulosic materials to microbial lipids is a promising approach to produce "drop-in" biodiesel fuel because the raw materials are widely available and are not competing with human food [1]. Lignocellulose consists of three major components: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, as well as small amounts of other materials such as ash,proteins and pectin in different degrees based, on the sources. The efficient conversion process is necessary to reach cost effective biodiesel production. Due to the complicated structure lignocellulosic materials have, several pretreatment methods were reported to disrupt lignin crystallization and/or degrade hemicellulose in order to make cellulose more accessible for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis to generate fermentable sugars [2]. These pre-treatment methods include acid or alkaline pre-treatment, wet oxidation, steam pre-treatment,ammonia fiber explosion,etc. Dilute acid pretreatment was found to be promising due to its simplicity, effectiveness and low cost [3]. Dilute acid pretreatment involves the solubilisation of hemicellulose and disruption of lignin by dissolving acid-soluble lignin [4] and mainly yields xylose as a major sugar with minor amount of glucose in the pre-treated liquid fraction. The residual solid (pretreated biomass) would be readily degrable by cellulase due to the improved enzyme accessibility[5].
机译：将木质纤维素材料转化为微生物脂质是一种有望的方法，以产生“辍学”生物柴油燃料，因为原料是广泛的可用性并且不与人类食物竞争[1]。木质纤维素由三种主要成分组成：纤维素，半纤维素和木质素，以及少量其他材料，如灰，蛋白和果胶的不同程度在源上。有效的转换过程是达到成本效益的生物柴油生产所必需的。由于结构复杂的结构木质纤维素材料具有，据报道了几种预处理方法破坏木质素结晶和/或降解半纤维素以使纤维素更容易获得随后的酶水解以产生可发酵的糖[2]。这些预处理方法包括酸或碱性预处理，湿氧化，蒸汽预处理，氨纤维爆炸等。由于其简单性，有效性和低成本，发现稀酸预处理是有前途的[3]。稀酸预处理涉及半纤维素的溶解和通过溶解酸 - 可溶性木质素[4]并主要产生木糖作为主要糖，预处理的液体分数少量葡萄糖。由于改善的酶可访问性[5]，通过纤维素酶易于通过纤维素酶易于降解残留的固体（预处理的生物质）。

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