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首页> 外文会议>International Symposium on Soilless Culture and Hydroponics >Seasonal Variation of Greenhouse Soilless Tomato Productivity in Warm Climate with Different Substrates and Water Quality, in Open and Closed System
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Seasonal Variation of Greenhouse Soilless Tomato Productivity in Warm Climate with Different Substrates and Water Quality, in Open and Closed System

机译：温室温室温室番茄生产率的季节变化与不同的基材和水质，开放式和封闭系统

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Tomato production in greenhouse in warm climate faces the challenge of maintaining productivity during the critical period of high temperature. In the state of Morelos, central part of Mexico, temperatures above 45°C and relative humidity below 20% are common inside the greenhouses every day from March to June, which impairs productivity and fruit quality compared to the rest of the year. Two trials were conducted, from March to July and from August to December 2010 to evaluate productivity of tomato ('Ramsés') in greenhouse, as well as presence of fruit quality related disorders like blossom end rot, and water and fertilizer efficiency use. In both trials, performance of volcanic scoria (tezontle) and coir as substrates was evaluated, under open and closed system. In the first trial, water used came from a well (100 m deep), while in the second trial water used came from rainfall, collected from the roof of a greenhouse. There were highly significant differences in productivity between trials: 1.748 kg fresh fruit plant~(-1)' in April-July vs. 5.134 kg fresh fruit plant~(-1), in August-December. There were many problems in balancing nutrient solutions during March-July due to high requirement of Ca~(2+) in solution to avoid blossom end rot. Use of coir as substrate increased efficiency of production in both trials because reductions from 20 to 30% in water demand and cost of fertilizer compared to volcanic scoria, with no reduction in fruit yields. Use of rainfall water from August-December facilitated the use of the closed system, achieving yields and fruit quality similar to the open system. Bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. mnichiganensis was the main phytopathological problem in the closed system with coir as substrate.
机译：番茄生产在气候温暖的温室面临着在高温的关键时期保持生产力的挑战。在莫雷洛斯，墨西哥的中央部分，的状态的温度高于45℃和低于20％的相对湿度是每天温室三月至六月，这损害生产率和果实品质相比，年的其余部分内常见的。两项试验进行的，从三月到七月和八月至2010年12月在温室评价番茄的生产力（“拉美西斯”），以及像花腐病和水和肥料利用效率，果实品质相关的疾病的存在。在这两个试验中，火山熔渣（tezontle）和椰壳作为底物的性能进行了评估，在打开和关闭系统。在第一个试验中，使用的水来自一个井（100米深），而在第二个试验中使用的水从降雨来了，从温室的屋顶收集。有试验之间在生产力高度显著差异：1.748公斤新鲜水果植物〜（-1）”在4 - 7月对5.134公斤新鲜水果植物〜（-1），在8 - 12月有在3 - 7月期间，平衡营养液由于解决方案，以避免花腐病的Ca〜（2+）的要求高了很多问题。椰壳纤维作为底物的使用在这两个试验提高了生产效率，因为从20至30％的降低的水的需求和肥料的成本相比火山熔渣，随着果实产量没有减少。从八月至十二月降雨水的使用便利使用封闭系统，实现了产量和果实品质类似于开放式系统。细菌性溃疡病引起马铃薯环腐密执安亚种。 mnichiganensis是与椰壳作为底物的封闭系统中的主要植物病理学问题。

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