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首页> 外文会议>Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade >'RESPONSIBLE RETAILERS': POLICY CHALLENGES RAISED BY PRIVATE STANDARDS IN THE SEAFOOD SECTOR
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'RESPONSIBLE RETAILERS': POLICY CHALLENGES RAISED BY PRIVATE STANDARDS IN THE SEAFOOD SECTOR

机译：“负责任的零售商”：海产行业私人标准提出的政策挑战

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摘要

Globalisation in the retail sector is transforming food value chains by driving consolidation in the industry and extending supply chains across the globe. Globalisation enables retailers to benefit from economies of scale and cheaper production in foreign locations. However, food markets themselves are increasingly responding to local consumer preferences. In response, retailers are using their own standards to differentiate how their products meet these preferences. This further alters value chainsby creating direct links between retailers and producers in order to ensure quality and traceability. The growth in supermarket own-brands and links to established and evolving ecolabels has occurred in markets without a parallel development in institutions, leaving retailers as the 'gatekeepers' of consumer standards in some areas. This role raises policy issues regarding the responsibilities of public regulators, the potential effects of private standards on trade patterns and, more broadly, issues of accountability in the international system. This paper addresses the development of retailers as the gatekeepers of food standards in the fisheries sector, evaluates their impact on global supply chains and discusses the use of seafood products as a leading category of retailers' own standards. This paper explores the policy challenges facing governments and consumers in determining the legitimacy of such standards, what role regulation might take, and what obstacles may be encountered.
机译：零售业的全球化正在通过在整个工业中驾驶整合并在全球延伸供应链来改变食品价值链。全球化使零售商能够从外国地区的规模经济中受益。然而，食品市场本身越来越多地应对当地的消费者偏好。作为回应，零售商正在使用自己的标准来区分他们的产品如何满足这些偏好。这进一步改变了价值链接，在零售商和生产者之间创建直接联系，以确保质量和可追溯性。超市自己品牌和建立和不断发展的Ecolabels的链接的增长在市场上发生了在没有平行开发的情况下，将零售商视为某些地区消费者标准的“守门人”。这一作用提高了关于公共监管机构职责，私营标准对贸易模式的潜在影响以及国际制度问责制问题的政策问题。本文涉及零售商作为渔业部门的食品标准的守门人的发展，评估其对全球供应链的影响，并讨论了海鲜产品作为零售商自身标准的领先类别。本文探讨了各国政府和消费者在确定此类标准的合法性方面面临的政策挑战，可能会采取的作用，以及可能遇到的障碍。

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