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首页> 外文会议>Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade >FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT - SOME REFLECTIONS ON VIETNAM
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FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT - SOME REFLECTIONS ON VIETNAM

机译：渔业发展与管理 - 越南的一些思考

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With a coastline of 3300 km, and numerous rivers and bays, Vietnam is as if created for the production of food from the ocean, estuaries and rivers. The development of the fishing industry has been closely linked to the development of the general economy of this country. This is particularly so for the doi moi -economic reform - period from 1986, following a period of centralised command and control economy after the end of the war in the mid-1970s. Has the time now come for more emphasis on fisheries management than development? The number of fishing vessels has increased significantly over the last 25 years and engine power even more so, from 0.28 million HP in 1980 to 5.4 million HP in 2006. This corresponds to an annual increase of 23.4 per cent, whereas the average annual growth of the fish harvest in the same period was 6.1 and 3.9 per cent for volume and real*value, respectively. Aquaculture, of mainly shrimp and fish, has grown even more than the traditional fisheries in the period 1991-2004, with an average of 10.4 and 23.8 per cent per year of production volume and export value (nominal USD), respectively. It is not just the fishing industry that has grown over the last couple of decades: the overall economic development, measured by annual growth rates of GDP and GDP per capita, was 7.0 per cent and 5.3 per cent, respectively. Fishing has been, and still is, mainly an open-access industry, regulated by some area and gear technological restrictions, and may now have reached its peak. Our costs and earnings surveys for 2004-5 in the Khanh Hoa province demonstrate that both offshore and some inshore fisheries were highly profitable, for both vessel owners and crew members. Some resource taxes have been collected by provincial and local authorities, but were abolished in 2006. This paper also discusses some policy issues and instruments for future development and management, including a resource export tax (RET), marine protected areas (MPAs), technical regulations and international cooperation in the South China Sea.
机译：越南的海岸线3300公里，众多河流和海湾，就像为来自海洋，河口和河流的食物的生产一样。渔业的发展与该国总经济的发展密切相关。在20世纪70年代中期战争结束后的集中指挥和控制经济期间，这尤其如此，从1986年开始 - 1986年。现在有时间更加重视渔业管理而不是发展吗？渔船数量在过去的25年里，发动机电力甚至更多，从1980年的0.28亿惠普达到2006年的540万惠普。这相当于年增长率23.4％，而平均年增长率相同的鱼类收获分别为6.1和3.9％，分别为7.1和3.9％的价值。水产养殖，主要是虾和鱼类，甚至超过了1991 - 2004年期间的传统渔业，平均每年的产量和出口价值（名义USD）平均为10.4和23.8％。它不仅仅是过去几十年来增长的渔业：通过年长GDP和人均GDP衡量的整体经济发展分别为7.0％和5.3％。捕鱼一直在，仍然是开放式工业，受到某些地区和齿轮技术限制的监管，现在可以达到其高峰。船东所有者和船员都表明，我们的成本和2004 - 5年盈利调查显示，船只所有者和一些近距离渔业都非常有利可图。省和地方当局收集了一些资源税，但在2006年被废除。本文还讨论了未来发展和管理的一些政策问题和文书，包括资源出口税（RET），海洋保护区（MPA），技术法规和国际合作在南海。

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