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Long-term Trends and Characteristics of Visibility in Two Megacities of Southwest China: Chengdu and Chongqing

机译：中国西南两大兆瓦地球能见度的长期趋势和特点：成都和重庆

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摘要

From 1981 to 2010, visibility in Chengdu and Chongqing has been preserved at a rather low level with averages of 7.8±3.6 and 5.6±3.7 km, respectively. The ridit values showed that the best visibility periods in Chengdu and Chongqing mainly concentrated in 1980s and 1990s. During 2000s, PM_(10) levels in both cities degraded consistently to around 110 μg m~(-3) in 2011. Still, PM_(10) dominated the primary pollutants and was the major obstacle for air quality improvement in southwest China. Results of the correlation analysis and PCA suggested the complex chemical and synoptic mechanism involved in visual range formation, as visibility was significantly correlated with all the meteorological factors. Particularly, high pressure and relative humidity and low wind speed under stable weather system increased the low visibility frequency. Empirical models for visibility prediction demonstrated that visibility improvement was most sensitive to reduction in PM_(10) concentrations. The regression coefficients between observed and calculated visibility would be significantly improved when more data about PM_(2.5) and other gaseous pollutants were included in the models.
机译：从1981年到2010年，知名度在成都和重庆已经在一个相当低的水平的分别为7.8±3.6和5.6±3.7公里平均保留。经Ridit值显示，在成都和重庆的最佳能见度时期主要集中在20世纪80年代和90年代。在2000年代，在这两个城市PM_（10）的水平降低始终如一地约110微克M〜（-3）在2011年尽管如此，PM_（10）占主导地位的首要污染物，是对空气质量改善在中国西南地区的主要障碍。的相关分析和PCA的结果表明的复杂的化学和参与视觉范围形成天气机制，能见度显著与所有气象因素相关。具体地讲，下稳定天气系统高压力和相对湿度和低风速增加了低能见度频率。用于能见度预测的经验模型表明，可视性增强是减少PM_（10）的浓度最敏感。观察到的和计算能见度之间的回归系数时将被包括在模型约PM_（2.5）和其它气态污染物更多的数据被显著改善。

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