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首页> 外文会议>Symposium on "Cultural heritage and archaeological issues in materials science" >Xavier Guerrero, De Mexico a Chile (From Mexico to Chile), Some Remarks About the Use of Portland Cement in Mexican Muralism
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Xavier Guerrero, De Mexico a Chile (From Mexico to Chile), Some Remarks About the Use of Portland Cement in Mexican Muralism

机译：Xavier Guerrero，De Mexico A智利（从墨西哥到智利），一些关于在墨西哥壁画中使用波特兰水泥的评论

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Xavier Guerrero (1896-1974) had an important role in the so-called Mexican Mural Renaissance, as a technical leader in the murals painted by Roberto Montenegro and Diego Rivera in the early 1920's. Jean Chariot, Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros considered him as a sophisticated fresco craftsman, whose knowledge came from a popular mural painters guild. In 1941 the Mexican Government donated a School to Chilian, a Chilean town almost destroyed by a strong earthquake. David Alfaro Siqueiros and Xavier Guerrero were commissioned to paint murals on the Mexico School. Between 1941-1942 Guerrero decorated several walls and the staircase ceiling, the mural program is called De Mexico a Chile (From Mexico to Chile). In 2010 another earthquake destroyed part of the ceiling. This study is part of the diagnosis project of De Mexico a Chile, and consists in the characterization of the mortar and painting layers with optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal analysis (TGA), while textural properties of the mortars were studied with nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques. Analytical results show a stratigraphic sequence composed of several layers of Portland and lime combinations, and also an interesting painting technique that possibly involves the Portland cement setting process, with the development of specular gypsum.
机译：Xavier Guerrero（1896-1974）在所谓的墨西哥壁画文艺复兴中发挥着重要作用，是1920年初罗伯托蒙林格罗和迭戈里亚拉绘制的壁画的技术领导者。 Jean Chariot，Diego Rivera和David Alfaro Ciqueiros认为他是一个精致的壁画工匠，其知识来自一个流行的壁画画家公会。 1941年，墨西哥政府向奇利安捐了一所学校，智利城几乎被强烈的地震摧毁。 David Alfaro Siqueiros和Xavier Guerrero被委托在墨西哥学校绘制壁画。在1941-1942 Guerrero之间装饰了几个墙壁和楼梯天花板，壁画计划被称为墨西哥智利（从墨西哥到智利）。 2010年，另一个地震摧毁了天花板的一部分。本研究是De Mexico A智利诊断项目的一部分，包括使用光学显微镜，X射线衍射（XRD），扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和热分析（TGA）的砂浆和涂料层的表征。虽然采用氮气吸附 - 解吸技术研究了砂浆的纹理性质。分析结果表明，由几个波特兰和石灰组合组成的地层序列，以及一种有趣的绘画技术，可能涉及波特兰水泥设定过程，随着镜面石膏的发展。

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