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首页> 外文会议>FAO/AAHRI Expert Workshop on Improving Biosecurity through Prudent and Responsible Use of Veterinary Medicines in Aquatic Food Production >Antimicrobial use and resistance in selected zoonotic bacteria in aquaculture: preliminary findings of a survey of aquaculture-allied professionals
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Antimicrobial use and resistance in selected zoonotic bacteria in aquaculture: preliminary findings of a survey of aquaculture-allied professionals

机译：水产养殖中所选人畜共患菌的抗菌药物使用和抗性：水产养殖专业人士调查的初步调查

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an important public and animal health issue and is globally recognized as a priority for the aquaculture sector. However, existing knowledge regarding the extent of AMR and its association with antimicrobial use (AMU)in aquaculture remains to be assessed. The main study objective was to develop and administer an online questionnaire to aquaculture-allied professionals and solicit their views on this issue. The questionnaire included five sections: expert demographics, importance of AMR in selected bacteria/aquatic species, the extent of AMU in various aquatic species, monitoring or surveillance programmes, and AMR laboratory testing in the respondents' jurisdictions. The questionnaire was administered in English and Spanish to 586 professionals distributed around the world and with various expertise in aquaculture. The response proportion was 32.9 percent. Over half of the participants had more than ten years of experience in aquaculture; 70.4 percent (140/199) were involved in fish health/ clinical management and their experience was primarily associated with salmon, tilapia, trout and/or ornamental fish. Tetracyclines were reported as "frequently" or "almost always" used in salmon (22/43 responses), followed by"frequently" used for potentiated sulfonamides (11/41). With respect to shrimp/prawn, all antibiotics except tetracyclines were more often reported as "never used". In ornamental fish, catfish, shrimp/prawn, trout, salmon and tilapia, quinolones were reported to be used "frequently" or "almost always" by 51, 24, 21, 16, 15 and 13 percent of respondents, respectively; and quinolone resistance was "frequently" or "almost always" observed by 16, 7, 30, 7, 9 and 10 percent of respondents, respectively. Furthermore, inappropriate duration of treatment, utilization of subtherapeutic dosages and absence of accurate diagnosis (73.9, 71.4 and 71.2 percent, respectively) were reported as the most important contributors to the development of AMR. Around 20 percent of respondents identified knowledge gaps as the effect of the runoff of antimicrobial agents from farms into aquaculture and the risk posed by aquatic AMR to human health.
机译：抗菌性抵抗（AMR）是一个重要的公共和动物健康问题，被全球被认为是水产养殖部门的优先事项。然而，有关AMR的程度及其与抗菌剂使用（AMU）在水产养殖中的现有知识仍有待评估仍有待评估。主要的学习目标是开发和管理在线问卷到水产养殖的专业人士，并征求他们对此问题的看法。问卷内容包括五个部分：专家人口统计，在选定的细菌/水生物种，AMU的各种水生物种的范围内，监测或监测计划的受访者的司法管辖区AMR的重要性，以及AMR实验室测试。调查问卷用英语和西班牙语管理，到了586名分布在世界各地的专业人士，并在水产养殖中具有各种专业知识。响应比例为32.9％。超过一半的参与者在水产养殖中有十多年的经验; 70.4％（140/199）涉及鱼类健康/临床管理，他们的经验主要与鲑鱼，罗非鱼，鳟鱼和/或观赏鱼相关。在鲑鱼（22/43响应）中，四环素被报告为“经常”或“几乎总是”，然后用于“经常”用于增强的磺胺酰胺（11/41）。关于虾/虾，除了四环素之外的所有抗生素都经常被报告为“从未使用过”。在观赏鱼，鲶鱼，虾/虾，鳟鱼，三文鱼和罗非鱼，喹诺酮类均据报道，分别使用“经常”或“几乎总是”的51,24,21,16,15和13％的受访者;喹诺酮抗性“经常”或“几乎总是”观察到16,7,30,7,9和10％的受访者观察到。此外，治疗的不适当的持续时间，亚治疗剂量的利用和没有准确诊断（分别为73.9,71.4和71.2％）被报告为AMR发展的最重要贡献者。大约20％的受访者认为知识差距是抗菌药物从农场到水产养殖的影响以及水生AMR带来的风险。

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