Atmospheric ammonia and ammonium in PM_(10) were measured at six sites (two suburban sites and four rural sites) in the North China Plain (NCP) between August 2006 and September 2009, i.e. for 3 years. The annual mean concentrations of ammonia and ammonium were 7.3-19.9 μg N m~(-3) with an average of 12.8 μgN m~(-3) and 5.6-13.1 μg N m ~3 w ith an average of 9.6 μg N m ~3 respectively, at the sampling sites. Both ammonia and ammonium concentrations were higher at the rural sites than at the suburban sites, highlighting the importance of agricultural sources for atmospheric ammonia and ammonium. Higher ammonia concentrations were observed in the nitrogen (N) fertilization seasons, indicating that ammonia emission from N fertilizer application was an important source of atmospheric ammonia in the NCP. Based on the measured ammonia and ammonium concentrations and their deposition velocities taken from literatures, the annual mean NH_x (NH_3 plus NH_4~+) dry deposition rate was 25.6 kg N ha~(-1) year~1 among the six sampling sites. The high NH_x concentrations and dry deposition rates in the NCP indicated agricultural sources were a large contributor to air pollution, and should be taken into account in the control of regional air pollution.
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机译：在2006年8月至2009年8月期间，在北中国平原（NCP）的六个地点（两个郊区网站和四个农村地点）测量大气氨和铵（10），即2009年9月，即3年。氨和铵的年平均浓度为7.3-19.9μgn m〜（-3），平均为12.8μgnm〜（-3）和5.6-13.1μgn m〜3 w，平均为9.6μgn m分别在采样站点。农村地点氨含量高于郊区地点，突出了农业来源对大气氨和铵的重要性。在氮气（n）施肥季节中观察到较高的氨浓度，表明N肥施用的氨排放是NCP中大气氨的重要来源。基于测量的氨和铵浓度及其沉积速度，从文献中取出，年平均值NH_X（NH_3 PLUS NH_4〜+）干沉积速率为25.6千克，六个采样位点中的1年〜1。 NCP所示的农业来源的高NH_X浓度和干沉积率是空气污染的大贡献者，应在控制区域空气污染方面考虑。
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