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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Water Resources, Coastal and Ocean Engineering >Estimation of Nitrate Leaching in Groundwater in an Agriculturally Used Area in the State Karnataka, India, Using Existing Model and GIS
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Estimation of Nitrate Leaching in Groundwater in an Agriculturally Used Area in the State Karnataka, India, Using Existing Model and GIS

机译：估算地下水在地下水中硝酸盐浸出在印度州Karnataka，India，使用现有模型和GIS

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Water pollution is one of the biggest environmental problems and nitrate is among the most common and widespread pollutants in groundwater. There has been an increasing demand for fresh water in the last two decades due to a progressive increase in population. In addition, people face serious water shortages, because groundwater has been used faster than it is naturally replenished.At the same time an increasing amount of wastes and chemicals causes contamination of water resources, especially of groundwater. Although the movement of groundwater through the aquifer has often the effect of removing a lot of impurities from the water by filtering it through the porous rocks, so that groundwater is generally much cleaner than surface water, there are many contaminants which are not easily degraded in the subsurface. Such is the case for nitrate which is impounded into the groundwater by agricultural activities, namely fertilizers and livestock manure. Since nitrate is soluble and negatively charged, it has high mobility and is thus easily leached from the unsaturated zone. In this research work, an attempt has been made to estimate nitrate leaching to groundwater at six different places around the village of Srirangapatnataluk where organic manure and inorganic fertilizers, together with irrigation water and cesspools are the major sources of nitrate in the area. Existing models and Arc-GlS have been used for the analysis. The results indicate that, except for Belagola village, the groundwater nitrate concentrations underneath the irrigated lands are still within the permissible limit, which means that the water of these villages can be used for both drinking and irrigation purposes. The average leached nitrate amounts in the sampled areas supplied from irrigated land have been estimated to range between 51.23 and 74.93 kg/ha/year. For the groundwater nitrate concentrations underneath the cesspools, the results of the analysis show that they are all within the permissible limit, except for the villages of Karekura and Bommuragrahara. Nitrate leaching amounts supplied from the cesspools lie between 87.81 and 381.96 kg/year. The reasons for this wide margin are likely losses due to denitrification and volatilisation processes.
机译：水污染是最大的环境问题之一，硝酸盐是地下水中最常见和最广泛的污染物之一。由于人口逐步增加，过去二十年来对新鲜水的需求日益增长。此外，人们面临严重的水资源短缺，因为地下水已被使用得比自然补充更快。同时越来越多的废物和化学品导致水资源污染，特别是地下水。虽然地下水通过含水层的运动往往是通过通过多孔岩石过滤通过多孔岩石从水中取出大量杂质的效果，使地下水通常比地表水更清洁，有许多污染物不易降级地下。这种情况是硝酸盐的情况，通过农业活动将其扣入地下水中，即肥料和牲畜粪便。由于硝酸盐是可溶性并且带负电的，因此它具有高迁移率，因此可以容易地从不饱和区浸出。在这项研究工作中，已经尝试在Srirangapatnataluk村周围的六个不同的地方估算硝酸盐浸出到地下水，其中有机粪肥和无机肥料以及灌溉水和污水池是该地区硝酸盐的主要来源。现有的模型和ARC-GLS已被用于分析。结果表明，除了Belagola Village之外，灌溉土地下面的地下水硝酸盐浓度仍然在允许的极限范围内，这意味着这些村庄的水可用于饮用和灌溉目的。从灌溉土地提供的采样区域中的平均浸出量估计为51.23和74.93千克/小时的范围。对于污水池下面的地下水硝酸盐浓度，分析结果表明，除了Karekura和Bommuragrahara的村庄之外，它们都在允许的极限范围内。污水池供应的硝酸盐浸出量在87.81和381.96公斤/年之间。由于反硝化和挥发过程，这种宽边缘的原因可能损失。

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