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VIRTUAL MODELING FOR CITIES OF THE FUTURE. STATE-OF-THE ART AND FUTURE CHALLENGES.

机译：对未来城市的虚拟建模。最先进的艺术和未来的挑战。

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3D virtual modeling, visualization, dissemination and management of urban areas is one of the most exciting challenges that must face geomatics in the coming years. This paper aims to review, compare and analyze the new technologies, policies and software tools that are in progress to manage urban 3D information. It is assumed that the third dimension increases the quality of the model provided, allowing new approaches to urban planning, conservation and management of architectural and archaeological areas. Despite the fact that displaying 3D urban environments is an issue nowadays solved, there are some challenges to be faced by geomatics in the coming future. Displaying georeferenced linked information would be considered the first challenge. Another challenge to face is to improve the technical requirements if this georeferenced information must be shown in real time. Are there available software tools ready for this challenge? Are they useful to provide services required in smart cities? Throughout this paper, many practical examples that require 3D georeferenced information and linked data will be shown. Computer advances related to 3D spatial databases and software that are being developed to convert rendering virtual environment to a new enriched environment with linked information will be also analyzed. Finally, different standards that Open Geospatial Consortium has assumed and developed regarding the three-dimensional geographic information will be reviewed. Particular emphasis will be devoted on KML, LandXML, CityGML and the new IndoorGML.
机译：3D城市地区的虚拟建模，可视化，传播和管理是未来几年必须面对地伐木工人的最令人兴奋的挑战之一。本文旨在审查，比较和分析正在管理城市3D信息的新技术，策略和软件工具。假设第三维度增加了所提供的模型的质量，允许建筑和考古地区的城市规划，保护和管理新方法。尽管显示3D城市环境表现是一个问题，但在未来的未来几乎遇到了一些挑战。显示地理位理链接信息将被视为第一个挑战。对面部的另一个挑战是提高技术要求如果必须实时显示这种地理位置的信息。是否有可用的软件工具准备这一挑战？它们是否有用可提供智能城市所需的服务？在本文中，将显示许多需要3D地理参考信息和链接数据的实际示例。还分析了与3D空间数据库和用于将虚拟环境转换为具有链接信息的新丰富环境的3D空间数据库和软件相关的计算机进步。最后，将审查并开发开放地理空间联盟的不同标准，这是关于三维地理信息的审查。特别强调将致力于KML，LandXML，CityGML和新的Indoorgml。

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