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Moisture in Multi-Layer Windows

机译：多层窗口中的水分

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There is an increasing interest in development of coupled multi-layer window structures. This is to optimize thermal properties and to develop systems with a better climate protected solar shading system. The risk of condensation on the inside of the exterior glass layer in a multi-layer window structure might be a challenge and is often questioned. The risk of condensation will depend on both window properties and indoor and outdoor climate conditions. The air gap between the inner and outer part have to be ventilated with outdoor air to give the window a "drying out" capacity. The U-value of the window and the moisture condition in the air gap both depend on the ventilation of the air gap. Reducing the ventilation improves the U-value, but increases the time of desiccation.Net long-wave radiation from the glass surface to the atmosphere during cloudless night-time will cause exterior glass temperatures lower than the outdoor air temperature, and hence increase the risk of condensation on both sides of the exterior glass. The aim of this work has been to assess for which climate conditions there will be a risk of condensation on the exterior glass layer and what might be the optimal ventilation of the outermost air gap. Simulations of the temperature on the exterior surface of the glazing including the long-wave radiation during nighttime have been done and compared to measurements. An assessment has been made studying the risk of condensation and the drying out rate for climate conditions for two locations in Germany. A spreadsheet-based model calculating the U-value of a multilayer glazing unit according to ISO 15099 [1] has been further developed including airflow from exterior openings through the air gap.
机译：对耦合多层窗口结构的发展越来越令人兴趣。这是为了优化热特性和开发具有更好气候保护太阳遮阳系统的系统。在多层窗口结构中，外部玻璃层内部的冷凝风险可能是挑战，并且通常质疑。冷凝风险将取决于窗口性质和室内和室外气候条件。内部和外部之间的气隙必须与室外空气通风，以使窗口“干燥”容量。窗口的U值和气隙中的水分状况都取决于气隙的通风。减少通风改善了U值，但在无云的夜间期间增加了从玻璃表面到大气中的Desiccation.net长波辐射将导致外部玻璃温度低于室外空气温度，因此增加风险外玻璃两侧的凝结。这项工作的目的是评估其气候条件的外部玻璃层的凝结风险，以及最外面的气隙的最佳通风。已经完成了在夜间期间的长波辐射的玻璃窗的外表面上的温度模拟并与测量相比。已经取得了评估，研究了德国两个地点的凝结凝结和气候条件的干燥率。根据ISO 15099 [1]根据ISO 15099 [1]计算的基于电子表格的模型，包括通过气隙的外部开口的气流。

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