• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文会议>Spring Technical Meeting of the Eastern States Section of the Combustion Institute >Mechanochemical Nitration of Aromatic Compounds
【24h】

Mechanochemical Nitration of Aromatic Compounds

机译：机械化学硝化芳烃化合物

获取原文
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Nitration of the benzene ring plays a central role in the production of several important energetic compounds, such as TNT. The conventional nitrating agent for this reaction is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids, which is highly corrosive and requires special handling and disposal procedures. Application of mechanochemical methods to aromatic nitration can allow this synthesis, or at least some of its steps, to be carried out solvent-free, using reactants that are safer to handle and less harmful to the environment. Solid phase nitration of aromatic compounds was performed by ball milling the aromatic substrate with sodium nitrate and a Lewis acid catalyst. Naphthalene and toluene were used as aromatic compounds. Different Lewis acid catalysts were tested. The aromatic rings were successfully nitrated using AlCl_3 and MoO_3 as catalysts. High yields were observed with AlCl_3, although the reaction occurred with and without milling. With MoO_3, yields were small but showed strong dependence on the milling time and on the ball to powder mass ratio. Milling liquid toluene with NaNO_3 and MoO_3 at room temperature produced mononitrotoluenes in small yields and at prolonged milling times. The same reaction was carried out in solid phase under liquid nitrogen, however, the results were inconclusive. Other metal oxides were explored as catalysts as well, but yielded no nitrated products.
机译：硝化苯环在生产几种重要的能量化合物（例如TNT）中起着核心作用。该反应的常规氮化剂是浓硫和硝酸的混合物，这是高度腐蚀性的，需要特殊的处理和处理程序。机械化学方法在芳族硝化中的应用可以允许这种合成，或至少一些步骤，以使用更安全地处理和对环境有害的反应物进行无溶剂。通过球研磨芳族基材与硝酸钠和路易斯酸催化剂进行固相硝化芳族化合物。将萘和甲苯用作芳族化合物。测试了不同的路易斯酸催化剂。使用AlCl_3和Moo_3作为催化剂成功硝化芳环。用AlCl_3观察到高收率，尽管反应发生并没有研磨。通过MOO_3，产量很小，但表现出对研磨时间和球的强烈依赖于粉末质量比。在室温下用纳米液体甲苯和MOO_3铣削液体甲苯，产量小产量和长时间铣削。在液氮下在固相中进行相同的反应，然而，结果不确定。其他金属氧化物也被探索为催化剂，但不产生硝化产物。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号