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Impact of electromagnetic field generated by mobile phone on prooxidant-antioxidant balance in testes of rats

机译：手机产生的电磁场对大鼠睾丸溶抗氧化平衡的影响

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At the present stage of development of civilization human population is continuously exposed to different forms of electromagnetic field, especially that of radio frequency, generated by mobile phones. The long-term exposure to electromagnetic fields, can cause disturbances of the prooxidant/antioxidant balance in living organism and induce oxidative stress. In this study the impact of whole-body exposure to electromagnetic field with a frequency of 900MHz generated by mobile phone on prooxidant/antioxidant balance in the testes of male rats was estimated, by means of analysis of the contents of markers of membrane lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress: malone dialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant capacity (TOC), respectively, the activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), as well as the contents of marker of the activity of non-enzymatic antioxidant system: total antioxidant capacity (TAC), in homogenates of the testes. The experiment was performed on 20 male Wistar rats, in mean age of 10 weeks, divided into 2 equal groups (consisting of 10 animals), subjected to long-term exposure to electromagnetic field or to sham-exposure, respectively. Rats from examined group were exposed for 28 succeeding days to electromagnetic field with frequency of 900MHz generated by mobile phone Nokia 5110, that was turned on every 1/2 hour by 8 hours daily and emitted signal for 15 s. The mean value of power density of the electromagnetic field registered during initializing of connection was 85.3 μW/m2, and during lasting connection was 17.0 μW/m2. Rats from control group were exposed for 28 succeeding days to sham-exposure, during which they stayed in identical as exposed animals environmental conditions, excluding the influence of electromagnetic field. During the exposure the mobile phone was placed under a cage with animals. After the end of a cycle of 28 daily exposures to electromagnetic field or sham-exposures (control rats), animals were starved by 24 hours, then anaesthetized and next both testes were taken. In the homogenates prepared from the obtained testes the contents of MDA, TOC and TAC, as well as the activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST were measured. The biochemical analyses were performed by means of routine spectrophotometric and kinetic methods. As a result of a cycle of repeated exposures, in electromagnetic field-exposed group of rats a significant decrease in the contents of MDA, a significant increase in the contents of TOC, as well as a significant increase in the activity of SOD, GR and GST in testicular tissue homogenates were observed, as compared to control sham-exposed rats. No significant differences in the activity of CAT and GPx, as well as in the contents of TAC in testicular tissue homogenates were noticed between both groups of rats. On the basis of the obtained results it was found, that 4-week lasting exposure of rats to electromagnetic field with physical parameters generated by mobile phone working in a frequency range of 900 MHz, causes in testes a significant increase of oxidative stress without significant changes of lipid peroxidation process intensity, as well as a stimulation of the activity of some antioxidant enzymes without changes in the activity of non-enzymatic antioxidant system.
机译：在文明人类群体发展的目前阶段连续地暴露于不同形式的电磁场，特别是射频的是，通过移动电话产生。长期暴露于电磁场，可引起促氧化剂/抗氧化剂的平衡紊乱生物体和诱导氧化应激。在这项研究中的全身暴露的影响，电磁场与移动电话上的促氧化剂产生的900MHz的频率/在雄性大鼠的睾丸抗氧化剂余额估计，通过的膜脂质过氧化反应和标记的内容分析的方法氧化应激：马龙二醛（MDA）和总氧化剂容量（TOC），分别，抗氧化酶的活性：超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT），谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx的），谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）和还原型谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST），以及非酶促抗氧化剂体系的活性标记的内容：总抗氧化能力（TAC），在睾丸匀浆。该实验在20次雄性Wistar大鼠中进行，平均为10周，分为2个相等的组（由10只动物组成），分别经受长期暴露于电磁场或假曝光。从检查组大鼠暴露于28随后几天到电磁场与由移动电话产生的诺基亚5110的900MHz的频率，即由8小时每日接通每隔1/2小时，发射信号15秒。连接的初始化期间登记的电磁场的功率密度的平均值为85.3微瓦/平方米，并且在持久连接为17.0微瓦/平方米。从对照组大鼠暴露于28随后几天到假曝光，在此期间，他们在作为暴露的动物相同的环境条件下留，不包括电磁场的影响。在曝光期间，手机被放置在带有动物的笼子下。的每日暴露于电磁场或假暴露（对照大鼠）28一个周期结束后，将动物在24小时，然后麻醉饥饿和下一个双侧睾丸取。在从所获得的睾丸制备的匀浆MDA，TOC和TAC的内容，以及超氧化物歧化酶活性，CAT，GPX，GR和GST进行了测定。通过常规分光光度法和动力学方法进行生化分析。由于反复暴露的周期，在大鼠中的电磁场暴露组的结果在MDA中，TOC的内容的显著增加的内容的显著减少，以及在SOD，GR的活性的显著增加和GST在睾丸组织匀浆中观察到，相比于对照的假暴露大鼠。睾丸组织匀浆中CAT和GPX的活性无显著差异，以及在TAC的内容进行了大鼠的两个组之间发现。上所获得的结果的基础上，发现，即4周持久大鼠与由移动电话在900MHz的频率范围内工作产生的物理参数电磁场的曝光，在睾丸导致氧化应激的显著增加而不显著变化脂质过氧化反应过程中进行强度，以及一些抗氧化剂的活性的刺激的酶没有非酶促抗氧化剂体系的活性的变化。

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