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The World's Oldest Temples in Gobekli Tepe and Nevali Cori, Turkey in The Light of Studies in Ontogenesis of Architecture

机译:世界上最古老的寺庙在Gobekli Tepe和土耳其尼沃里科里的寺庙,鉴于在建筑学的开发中的研究

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The paper is a presentation of research in Ontogenesis of Architecture1. This new field of studies within Theory of Architecture aims to formulate general rules which govern evolutionary processes in architecture. A special attention is paid to prehistoric settlements of the Near East, where during the Neolithic revolution (10th -8th millennium BC.) remarkable changes occurred in the art of building. Along with a man's increased ability to think in symbolic and abstractive terms various primordial forms of architecture were generated. One of the essential issues to explore is the genesis and evolution of archetypal forms of Neolithic communal/cult buildings. The purpose of the presented research is to reveal some evolutionary phenomena which determined the spatial organization of the world's oldest antecedent of a temple serving ritual and gathering purposes. This study, which is based on the comparison of structures excavated in three important prehistoric sites located near Sanliurfa in south-eastern Turkey: Gobekli Tepe (10th -8th millennium B.C.), Nevali Cori (dated to 9th -8th millennium B.C.) and Cayonu, can explain the origins of the oldest roofed temple. The principal result is explanation of the general rules of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic architectural order, which was used in spatial organization of the communal/cult building in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. The major conclusion is revealing the succeeding stages of evolution from ritual centres in open landscape to roofed cult buildings, which signify the transition from society of hunting-gatherers' to agriculture based community.
机译:本文是展示架构1的研究。在建筑学理论上的这种新研究领域旨在制定管理建筑中进化过程的一般规则。特别注意近东的史前定居点,在新石器时代的革命(公元前10日千年千年千年)。建筑艺术中发生了显着变化。随着男性的增加能力思考象征性和抽象术语,产生了各种原始形式的架构。探索的基本问题之一是新石器时代/崇拜建筑物的原始形式的创世纪和演变。本研究的目的是揭示一些进化现象,该现象确定了世界上最古老的寺庙的空间组织,服务仪式和收集目的。本研究基于三个重要史前地点挖掘的结构的比较,位于圣地东部的Sanliurfa附近的史克里(Sanliurfa):Gobekli Tepe(10th -8th Millennium Bc),Nevali cori(日期为9日 - 第8毫升BC)和Cayonu,可以解释最古老的屋顶寺庙的起源。主要结果是解释了陶器前新石器时代建筑秩序的一般规则,这些级联在安纳托利亚地区的公共/崇拜建筑的空间组织中使用。主要结论揭示了从开放式景观中的仪式中心到屋顶崇拜建筑物的成绩的成功阶段,这意味着从狩猎集团向农业社区转变。

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