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首页> 外文会议>World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering-Architecture-Urban Planning Symposium >Analysis of the Spatial Structure of Green Building in the Aspect of Selected Environmental Issues on the Example of the City of Cracow (Poland)
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Analysis of the Spatial Structure of Green Building in the Aspect of Selected Environmental Issues on the Example of the City of Cracow (Poland)

机译：克拉科瓦市选择环境问题的绿色建筑空间结构分析（波兰）

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In the era of developing cities,it is extremely important to maintain an appropriate level of quality of the surrounding environment or to improve this level.Newly built buildings are not without impact on the city's environment.It is important to control and limit their negative impact.Multi-criteria investment assessment systems help with many problems related to urban development.They allow analysis and evaluation of various issues,including those related to the environment.The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial structure of buildings certified in the BREEAM system (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) in Krakow by developing a map of their deployment,and then analysing the location of green buildings in terms of selected environmental issues.The selected certification system is one of the most commonly used multi-criteria assessment systems in Poland.The map was developed to assess the current spatial structure of green buildings.On the basis of the map,it is possible to indicate potential areas of the city where it would be advisable to locate a green building that meets specific environmental requirements.In Krakow,it can be noticed that objects with the In-Use certificate are mostly available individually.There are only two small clusters of such buildings.Upon analysing buildings with a final certificate,it can be observed that there are both single buildings as well as small and larger clusters (office parks).These facilities are located near or between the beltways.When analysing the distribution of buildings with the certificate obtained at the design stage,it can be observed that most of them are located near bypasses.Two clusters are located in the southern part of the city,but this is due to the expansion of existing office parks.Comparing the developed map with the location of the combined sewerage system in Krakow,it can be seen that the vast majority of certified facilities are within or in close proximity to the combined network.If in these facilities solutions related to the management of rainwater at the place of precipitation were used,each of them represents a significant relief for the sewage system in Krakow.Due to the fact that some of the green buildings in Krakow are present in clusters,their fulfilment of requirements related to the introduction of greenery to the plot (Land Use and Ecology,Surface water run - off and Flood risk categories) may affect the levelling of the urban island heat in the areas where they occur.Most green buildings in Krakow are located along the city's three bypasses.If these buildings have scored points in the category of Transport for specific activities,then in combination with their location this represents a positive value for the city's air quality.Among the requirements for green buildings in multi-criteria assessment systems are those whose fulfilment is a particular value for the city's environment only with a specific location of the building.For this reason,it matters to the city whether the newly constructed buildings are green.The most common positive effects can be expected in the central parts of cities,because that is where the combined sewerage system dominates,where there are problems associated with UHI (Urban Heat Island) or urban floods.The presence of several buildings near each other also generates a pro-ecological effect.
机译：在发展中国家的时代，保持周围环境的适当水平或改善这一级别是非常重要的。侄子建造的建筑并非没有影响城市的环境。对控制和限制它们的负面影响很重要.Multi-Criteria投资评估系统有助于与城市发展有关的许多问题。他们允许分析和评估各种问题，包括与环境有关的问题。本研究的目的是确定Bream系统认证的建筑物的空间结构（建立研究建立环境评估方法）在克拉科夫开发其部署地图，然后在选定的环境问题方面分析绿色建筑的位置。所选认证系统是最常用的多标准评估系统之一波兰是制定的地图，以评估绿色建筑的当前空间结构。B地图的ASIS，可以指示城市的潜在区域，即建议找到满足特定环境要求的绿色建筑物。在克拉科夫，可以注意到，使用内使用证书的对象主要可单独使用。这些建筑物只有两个小集群。分析建筑物的最终证书，可以观察到有单一建筑物以及小型和更大的集群（办公室公园）。这些设施位于腰带附近或之间。在设计阶段获得的证书分析建筑物的分布时，可以观察到它们中的大多数位于旁路附近.TWO集群位于城市的南部，但这是由于现有的扩展办公室帕克斯.comPatering Mapsed地图与克拉科夫的合并污水系统的位置，可以看出绝大多数经过认证的设施，靠近或密切关注对于组合的网络。如果在这些设施解决方案中，使用了与雨水的管理有关的解决方案，他们每个人都代表了克拉科夫污水系统的显着救济。克拉科夫的一些绿色建筑物的事实存在于集群中，他们满足与引入绿化的要求（土地利用和生态，地表水路和洪水风险类别）可能会影响城市岛屿热量的平衡。克拉科夫的大多数绿色建筑都位于这座城市的三个旁路。如果这些建筑物在特定活动的运输类别中获得了分数，那么与他们的位置相结合这代表了城市空气质量的积极价值。占着绿色的要求多标准评估系统中的建筑物是那些履行是城市环境的特定价值，只有建筑物的特定位置对于这个原因，它对城市是新建筑的建筑物是绿色的。最常见的积极效应可以在城市的中心地区预期，因为这是组合的污水处理系统主导的地方，那里有与之相关的问题Uhi（城市热岛）或城市洪水。彼此附近的几座建筑物的存在也产生了亲生态效应。

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