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首页> 外文会议>World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering-Architecture-Urban Planning Symposium >Monuments in the Structure of an Urban Environment: The Source of Social Memory and the Marker of the Urban Space
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Monuments in the Structure of an Urban Environment: The Source of Social Memory and the Marker of the Urban Space

机译：城市环境结构中的纪念碑：社会记忆的来源和城市空间的标志

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The major research objective was to analyze the role of monuments in the formation of local residents' and guests' representations about the city, its history and traditions. The authors consider the system of monuments' location in the urban space as a way of its social construction, as the system of influence on citizens' aesthetic feelings, as the formation of their attitudes towards maintaining of continuity in the activities of different generations for the improvement of the territory of their permanent residence. Methodology. An urban monument is considered in two ways: as a transfer of historical memory and as a social memory transfer, which includes the experience of previous generations. One of the main provisions of the study is the idea that monuments can lose their former social value, transforming into 'simple' objects of a public place. The study was conducted in the city of Yekaterinburg, one of the largest, cultural, scientific and industrial Russian megalopolises in 2015. The primary data was collected using standardized interviews. Four hundred and twenty respondents at the age of and above 18 were questioned on the basis of quota sampling. Interviews with respondents were conducted in order to identify key problems involved and reasons for shaping respondents' representations of monuments in the urban environment typical for the population of Russian megalopolises. The standardized interview guide included 15 questions. Findings and discussion. Our investigation has revealed that different monuments fulfil various functions in an urban environment (ideological, aesthetic, transferring, valuable, etc.). The study has unequivocally confirmed that objects in the urban space have a different emotional colour background: people paint them in accordance with the feelings that arise in their perception. Hence, some monuments effectively fulfil the functions of social memory transfer: they are remembered, they tell us about the events to which they point. Other monuments in the physical space remain in citizens' consciousness only as a point on the map of the city. It has been found that 'old' and 'new' monuments as semantic points of the urban space have an ambiguous perception and a significance for the citizen: some monuments are inscribed in mental maps, while others are ignored or their appearance is condemned.
机译：主要研究目标是分析纪念碑在形成当地居民和客人的历史和传统方面的形式的作用。作者将城市空间中的古迹位置的系统视为其社会建设的一种方式，作为公民审美情感的影响体系，因为他们对维持不同几代活动的连续性的态度改善其永久居住地的领土。方法。城市纪念碑有两种方式考虑：作为历史记忆的转移和作为社会记忆转移，包括前几代人的经验。该研究的主要规定之一是纪念碑会失去其前社会价值的想法，转变为公共场所的“简单”对象。该研究在2015年在最大的文化，科学和工业俄罗斯俄罗斯巨大的城市之一进行了叶卡捷琳堡。使用标准化访谈收集主要数据。在18岁以上的四百和二十名受访者在配额抽样的基础上质疑。对受访者进行了采访，以确定所涉及的关键问题和塑造俄罗斯大都市人口典型的古迹纪念碑的纪念碑的关键问题和原因。标准化面试指南包括15个问题。调查结果和讨论。我们的调查显示，不同的纪念碑在城市环境中满足各种功能（思想，审美，转移，有价值等）。该研究明确证实，城市空间中的物体具有不同的情感色彩背景：人们根据感知感受到的感受来绘制它们。因此，一些纪念碑有效地满足了社会记忆转移的功能：他们被记住，他们告诉我们他们指出的事件。物理空间中的其他纪念碑仍然是公民意识仅作为城市地图的一个点。已经发现“老”和“新”纪念碑作为城市空间的语义点对公民的意义含糊不清：一些纪念碑在心理地图上刻，而其他古迹则被忽视或者他们的外表被谴责。

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