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首页> 外文会议>World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering-Architecture-Urban Planning Symposium >Large Prefabricated Concrete Panels Collective Dwellings from the 1970s: Context and Improvements
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Large Prefabricated Concrete Panels Collective Dwellings from the 1970s: Context and Improvements

机译：20世纪70年代的大型预制混凝土面板集体住宅：背景和改进

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The period between 1960s and 1970s had a significant impact in Romania on the urban development of major cities. Because the vast expansion of the industry, the urban population has massively increased, due the large number of workers coming from the rural areas. This intense process has led to a shortage of homes on the housing market. In order to rapidly build new homes, standard residential project types were erected using large prefabricated concrete panels. By using repetitive patterns, such buildings were built in a short amount of time through the entire country. Nowadays, these buildings represent 1.8% of the built environment and accommodate more than half of a city' s population. Even though these units have reached only half their intended life span, they fail to satisfy present living standards and consume huge amounts of energy for heating, cooling, ventilation and lighting. Due to the fact that these building are based on standardised projects and were built in such a large scale, the creation of a system that brings them to current standards will not only benefit the building but also it will significantly improve the quality of life within. With the transition of the existing power grids to a 'smart grid' such units can become micro power plants in future electricity networks thus contributing to micro-generation and energy storage. If one is to consider the EU 20-20-20 commitments, to find ideas for alternative and innovative strategies for further improving these building through locally adapted measures can be seen as one of the most addressed issues of today. This research offers a possible retrofitting scenario of these buildings towards a sustainable future. The building envelope is upgraded using a modular insulation system with integrated solar cells. Renewable energy systems for cooling and ventilation are integrated in order to provide flexibility of the indoor climate. Due to their small floor area, the space within the apartments is redesigned for a more efficient use of space and an improved natural lighting. Active core modules are placed on top of the unused attics and a solar panel array is introduced. Furthermore accessibility issues are addressed by facilitating access for disabled people and implementing an elevator system that currently these building do not have.
机译：20世纪60年代和20世纪70年代之间的期限对罗马尼亚对主要城市城市发展产生了重大影响。由于行业的广阔扩张，城市人口大幅增加，由于大量工人来自农村地区。这种激烈的过程导致房屋市场上的房屋短缺。为了迅速建造新房，使用大型预制混凝土板竖立标准住宅项目类型。通过使用重复模式，这种建筑物是在整个国家的少量时间内建造的。如今，这些建筑占建筑环境的1.8％，并容纳一半以上的城市人口。尽管这些单位仅达到了其预定寿命的一半，但它们不能满足现有的生活水平，并消耗大量的供暖，冷却，通风和照明。由于这些建筑基于标准化项目并建成了如此大规模，因此将它们带到当前标准的系统的创建不仅将受益于建筑物，而且它将显着提高生活质量。随着现有电网的转变为“智能电网”，这些单元可以成为未来电网中的微型发电厂，从而有助于微发电和储能。如果一个人是考虑欧盟20-20-20的承诺，以便通过当地适应措施进一步改善这些建筑物的替代和创新策略的想法可以被视为今天最讨论的问题之一。本研究为可持续的未来提供了这些建筑物的可能改装方案。使用具有集成太阳能电池的模块化绝缘系统升级建筑信封。用于冷却和通风的可再生能源系统，以提供室内气候的灵活性。由于他们的小楼区，公寓内的空间被重新设计，以便更有效地使用空间和改进的自然照明。有源核心模块放置在未使用的仪器的顶部，介绍太阳能电池板阵列。此外，通过促进残疾人的访问并实施目前这些建筑物的电梯系统，可以解决任何可访问性问题。

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