The processes of centralization are characteristic for the modern Russian economy. On the one hand, local companies try to go through the process of consolidation and go beyond the individual territory. On the other hand, large holdings themselves come to the regions, displacing local enterprises in the process of competition. At the same time, the events of recent years show that the largest business proved to be quite vulnerable to external negative factors - sanctions, oil price, exchange rate. Some experts state a hypothesis that the development of regional enterprises, less dependent on external global conditions, facilitates achievement of sustainable economic growth in the future. In this regard, the problems of the development of regional commercial banks are worth being paid attention at. It is believed that the well-being of these credit institutions is the result of long-term cooperation with the local population and business. Accordingly, if this relationship is correct, then the role of regional banks as financial intermediaries is important in ensuring sustainable development of both the economies of the regions and Russia as a whole. This paper is devoted to the basics of the functioning of regional commercial banks. It discloses the nature and the main characteristics of these banks as well as identifies the positions of both domestic and foreign researchers. Moreover, it conducts an analysis of the development of regional commercial banks in their dynamics and in their comparison with a group of federal banks.
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