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On Methods of Estimating the Base Stability of Excavations in Clay

机译：依旧粘土挖掘基础稳定性的方法

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摘要

This study investigated three conventional methods in estimating stability of wide excavations in clay, including the load factor method, the strength factor method, and the slip circle method. Estimates of the factor of safety and required wall embedded depth were compared with those from the finite element method (FEM) using strength reduction technique, which were herein treated as the standard values. Results showed that wall friction had a pronounced effect on the factors of safety by the load factor method and the strength factor method but the slip circle method. For constant s_u/σ_v' (normalized undrained shear strength) case, the H_p/H_e (wall embedded depth to excavation depth) ratios determined by the three hand-calculation methods were smaller than those by the FEM as N_b (the stability number) < 7.0 but larger as N_b ≥ 7.0. For constant s_u (undrained shear strength) case, as increasing s_u, the H_p/H_e ratios determined by the load factor method were illogical. Estimates by the strength factor method and the slip circle method were larger than those by the FEM as N_b < 4.5 but smaller as N_b > 4.5.
机译：本研究研究了三种常规方法估算粘土中宽开挖的稳定性，包括负载因子法，强度因子方法和滑动圆法。使用强度还原技术与来自有限元方法（FEM）的安全性和所需壁嵌入深度的估计值，在本文被视为标准值。结果表明，壁摩擦对负荷因子法和强度因子方法的安全因素具有明显的影响，但防滑圈法。对于常数S_U /Σ_V'（归一化的未润湿的剪切强度）案例，通过三手计算方法确定的H_P / H_E（壁嵌入深度到挖掘深度）比例小于FEM作为N_B（稳定性数）< 7.0但大于N_B≥7.0。对于常数S_U（未润湿的剪切强度）案例，作为增加S_U，由负载因子方法确定的H_P / H_E比率是不合逻辑的。通过强度因子方法和滑动圆的估计比FEM为N_B <4.5的估计，但为N_B> 4.5较小。

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