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首页> 外文会议>Symposim "Marine Artificial Reef Research and Development: Integrating Fisheries Management Objectives" >Reef Fish Depend on Corals and Natural Outcrops: Are Predation and Migration Linked to the Fractal Characteristics of Habitats?
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Reef Fish Depend on Corals and Natural Outcrops: Are Predation and Migration Linked to the Fractal Characteristics of Habitats?

机译：礁鱼依赖于珊瑚和天然露头：是捕食和迁移与栖息地的分形特征相关吗？

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This paper focuses on interactions between reefs, fisheries, and their management and discusses the relationship between reef fish and their habitat. Hard bottom is much less extensive than fine sediments on most continental shelves but supports epifauna/ flora as cover for reef fish and serves as habitat for their prey species. Corals, epifauna, and macroflora on natural reefs function as feeding, shelter, and aggregation sites and often have fractal characteristics. Size frequencies of catches fromunfished banks may reflect the aggregate of crevice size spectra present, and this influences growth and natural mortality rates at size. It is suggested that migration is initiated when juvenile fish outgrow cover in nursery areas, which only offered predator protection at smaller sizes. Juveniles are then forced to move further offshore where cover for protecting larger reef fishes is often more available. Large cavities are rare on most natural outcrops or reefs, but these attract large fish and artificial reefs are often designed to have large cavities needed by mature reef fishes. Once artificial reefs are located by fishermen, large, resident fishes are readily captured. Unless some offshore reefs or re-fugia are protected, spawning potential could be affected.Although natural mortality (Af) declines with age for many free-living species (see Caddy 1991), information on reef-associated species suggests that natural mortality rises when potential bottlenecks occur; thus, M at size or age can increase for olderindividuals due to a shortage of suitable cover. Bottlenecks in recruitment may be due to a limited size-specific holding capacity of the present habitat or excessive distances of migration to habitats needed to survive to the successive life stage. Anthropogenic impacts on epifauna could also reduce holding capacity of habitats by eutrophication, hypoxia, or impacts from excessive use of bottom gear. A conceptual model suggests how increments in habitat complexity and proximity of habitats between sequential life history stages may reduce population bottlenecks and improve productivity of reef resources. It also suggests that the trophic development of reef ecosystems was linked to their fractal surface characteristics.
机译：本文重点介绍了珊瑚礁，渔业及其管理之间的相互作用，并讨论了珊瑚鱼及其栖息地之间的关系。坚硬的底部比大多数大陆架子上的细沉积物更少得多，但是支持Epifauna / Flora作为礁鱼的盖子，并用作他们的猎物物种的栖息地。珊瑚，Epifauna和Macroflora在天然礁石上用作喂养，庇护和聚集位点，并且通常具有分形特征。距离空腹银行的渔获量的尺寸频率可能反映出现的缝隙尺寸光谱的总体，这影响了大小的生长和自然死亡率。建议在幼儿园中的少年鱼苗面积覆盖时启动迁移，仅在较小的尺寸下提供捕食者保护。然后被迫进一步海上移动少年，其中覆盖用于保护较大的珊瑚鱼的覆盖通常更具可用。大多数天然露头或珊瑚礁罕见，但这些吸引的大型鱼和人造珊瑚礁通常设计成具有成熟礁鱼所需的大腔。一旦人造珊瑚礁被渔民所在地，容易捕获大型居民鱼类。除非一些海上珊瑚礁或重新逃亡受到保护，否则产卵潜力可能会受到影响。虽然自然死亡率（AF）随着年龄的自由生活物种而下降（见CADDY 1991），但有关珊瑚礁相关物种的信息表明，自然死亡率升高发生潜在的瓶颈;因此，由于合适的盖子短缺，M尺寸或年龄的尺寸可能会增加旧的。招聘中的瓶颈可能是由于当前栖息地的有限特定的持有能力或迁移过度迁移到栖息地所需的栖息地，所以在连续的生活阶段所需的栖息地。对EPIFAUNA的人为影响也可以通过富营养化，缺氧或从过度使用底部齿轮的影响来降低栖息地的持有能力。一个概念模型表明，顺序生命历史阶段之间的栖息地复杂性和栖息地邻近的栖息地可能会降低人口瓶颈并提高珊瑚礁资源的生产力。它还表明，珊瑚礁生态系统的营养发展与其分形表面特征有关。

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