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Design strategies for perceived acoustic comfort in urban environments - A literature review

机译：在城市环境中感知声学舒适度的设计策略 - 文献综述

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Urban design in recent years has been embracing "compact city" design concepts. With such trends in urban design, and developments of mid to high-rise mixed-use buildings, noise sources are often found in close proximity to our living environment. In satisfying the need for increased population density by integrating various land uses within a mixed development zone, planners, designers and policy makers often find challenges in controlling noise in the built environment. Whilst environmental planners and the policy makers aim to reduce noise within the urban built environment by setting noise limits, acoustic consultants are typically tasked with providing cost-effective solutions to achieve the environmental noise limits with almost no tolerance. The resulting condition is "buildup" of ambient noise level cumulatively over the years though satisfying the environmental noise limits for individual development. As a result, noise annoyance is increasingly perceived in urban areas which needs to be addressed through appropriate design strategies to enhance our living environment to acoustically comfortable. Acoustic comfort in the built urban environment, beyond the traditional approach of noise control and management, has often received less attention in urban design. The quality of a "place" is highly influenced by our perception of sound in the surrounding environment. It is therefore of utmost importance that sounds in our built environment are perceived positively. In aspiring to achieve acoustic comfort, it is imperative that innovative design strategies are integrated into urban design to promote the positive aspects of sound, in addition to reducing noise level through traditional noise control techniques. This paper presents a review of relevant literature on urban soundscape and discusses the theoretical background of acoustic comfort in outdoor urban environments. A number of strategies that can be incorporated into urban design to promote acoustic comfort are also proposed.
机译：城市设计近年来一直在拥抱“紧凑型城市”设计理念。随着城市设计的这种趋势，和中高层混合使用建筑的发展，噪声源往往靠近我们的生活环境。通过在混合开发区，规划者，设计师和决策者内整合各种土地使用来满足人口密度增加的需求，策划者，设计师和决策者通常会发现在建造环境中控制噪音的挑战。虽然环境规划者和政策制定者旨在通过设定噪声限制来降低城市建筑环境中的噪音，但声学顾问通常是为实现具有成本效益的解决方案来实现几乎没有容忍的环境噪声限制。由于满足个体开发的环境噪声限制，因此，由此产生的条件是环境噪声水平的“积累”。因此，在城市地区越来越受到噪音烦恼，需要通过适当的设计策略来加强我们的生活环境来声学舒适。建造城市环境中的声学舒适度，超越了传统的噪声控制和管理方法，经常受到城市设计的关注。 “地方”的质量受到我们对周围环境中声音的看法的影响。因此，我们建造的环境中的声音非常重要地是积极的。在有抱负的实现声学舒适性中，必须必须纳入城市设计的创新设计策略，以促进声音的积极方面，除了通过传统的噪声控制技术降低噪声水平。本文提出了对城市音响相关文献的综述，并探讨了户外城市环境中声学舒适的理论背景。还提出了许多可以纳入城市设计以促进声学舒适的策略。

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