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首页> 外文会议>Pixels, Objects, Intelligence: GEOgraphic Object Based Image Analysis for the 21st Century >OBJECT BASED CHANGE DETECTION OF HISTORICAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS REVEALS ALTITUDINAL FOREST EXPANSION
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OBJECT BASED CHANGE DETECTION OF HISTORICAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS REVEALS ALTITUDINAL FOREST EXPANSION

机译：基于对象的历史航拍照片的变化检测揭示了高度森林扩张

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Object based image classification is applied to assess the upward advance of tree species in Finnish Lapland caused by the current global warming. An automated Feature Extraction Module (Fx) implemented in ENVI is used to extract the tree crowns from a digitized panchromatic aerial photograph acquired in 1947 and a false colour aerial photograph from 2003 of an altitudinal forest-tundra ecotone on Lommoltunturi fell (a mountain shaped by Pleistocene glaciations). The two step Fx process included segmentation and feature classification with support vector machines with textural, spatial and spectral channels as inputs. The change in the resulted relative crown areas of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and downy birch (Betula pubenscens) were then assessed in GIS analysis, and compared to forest inventory and age data of saplings and trees. Within the last 56 years, Norway spruce has expanded uphill, in terms of distance, approximately 100 m and birch 40 to 60 m. In accordance with the birch-pine-spruce succession concept, the downy birch dominated forest-tundra ecotone stands are now replaced by Norway spruce. The treeline of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) reach the fell top (557 m a.sl.). The spruce and birch treelines reach 510 m. We did not find water availability, soil temperature nor N to be limiting factors in expansion of spruce-birch forest but a surplus of Al relative to base cations may disfavour spruce on some sites in the tundra. Primarily, the harsh winter wind-climate and spatial variability in thickness of snow cover are presently restricting the regeneration of trees on the open tundra.
机译：应用基于对象的图像分类，以评估由当前全球变暖引起的芬兰拉普兰树种类的向上进步。在Envi中实现的自动特征提取模块（FX）用于从1947年获取的数字化的一般性航拍照片中提取树冠，并从2003年从Lommoltunturi的一直森林 - 苔原Ecotone的2003年的假彩色空中照片下降（山形）更新世冰川冰川。两个步骤FX过程包括分割和特征分类，具有支持向量机，其具有纹理，空间和光谱通道作为输入。然后，在GIS分析中评估了挪威云杉（Picea Abies）和柔软桦树（Betula pubenscens）的所产生的相对冠区的变化，与树苗和树木的森林库存和年龄数据相比。在过去的56年内，挪威云杉在距离方面扩大了上坡，大约100米，桦木40至60米。根据桦木云普鲁辛的连续概念，令人毛骨悚然的桦树主导的森林 - 苔原ECOTONE展台现在被挪威云杉更换。苏格兰松树（Pinus Sylvestris）的三蜥（Pinus Sylvestris）到达掉落（557米A.）。云杉和桦树前达到510米。我们没有发现水可用性，土壤温度和N是限制因素的云杉 - 桦树森林的扩展因素，但相对于基础阳离子的盈余可能会在苔原中的一些景点上散布云杉。主要是，寒冷的冬季风气和雪覆盖厚度的空间变异目前限制了树木上的树木的再生。

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