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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF UPLIFT PRESSURES ON WHARF DECKS DUE TO TSUNAMI BORES

机译：海啸羽毛刮刀抬压压力的实验研究

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Tsunamis are extreme waves that can result from the sudden displacement of a significant volume of ocean water. Coastal buildings, bridges, highways, and harbor facilities that are at risk of tsunami inundation may suffer from significant damage if their structure has not been adequately designed for the fluid loading. This paper explores the behaviour of a combination structural model of a wharf deck mounted on a sloping shore and subjected to tsunami bores. The tsunami bores were generated in a tsunami wave flume and the deck model was built on a 30 degree sloping shore with a height of 25 cm above the bed. Detailed measurements of bore heights and bore velocities were recorded with depth transducers and high-speed video camera, and seven cases of hydrodynamic conditions were applied in the experiment. Pressure transducers were attached to the soffit of the deck to capture the spatial distribution of time-history of uplift pressures. Preliminary results demonstrate that the time-history of uplift pressures have three stages: impulsive, run-up, and quasi-steady. The impulsive pressures gradually reduced from the deck-slope connection to the front edge of the deck, and the impulsive pressures and run-up pressures appeared to be decreased by a side effect. Higher tsunami bores were generally found to generate higher uplift pressures, and a strong linear correlation was observed between the maximum uplift pressure and the bore height. An equation is presented for estimating deck mid-point maximum uplift pressures from bore heights, when the model bore heights range from 0.146～0.273m. Examples of applying the equation at prototype scales are given.
机译：海啸是极端波浪，可能是由于大量海洋水的突然位移。沿海建筑，桥梁，高速公路和海啸淹没风险的港口设施可能会造成重大损害，如果其结构尚未为流体载荷设计。本文探讨了安装在倾斜岸上的码头甲板的组合结构模型的行为，并进行海啸孔。在海啸波水槽中产生海啸孔，甲板模型建在30度倾斜的岸上，床上高度为25厘米。用深度传感器和高速摄像机记录孔高度和钻孔速度的详细测量，并在实验中应用了七种流体动力学条件。压力传感器连接到甲板的拱区，以捕获隆起压力的时段的空间分布。初步结果表明，提升压力的时间历史具有三个阶段：冲动，升高和准稳定。脉冲压力从甲板的前缘的甲板斜率连接逐渐减小，并且脉冲压力和延伸压力似乎通过副作用降低。通常发现较高的海啸孔以产生更高的提升压力，并且在最大隆起压力和孔高度之间观察到强的线性相关性。当模型孔高度范围为0.146〜0.273M时，提出了一种等式，用于估计来自孔高度的甲板中央点最大提升压力。给出了在原型尺度处应用方程的示例。

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