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Development and precision molding of optical glasses with high refractive index for optical applications

机译：光学玻璃具有高折射率的光学玻璃的开发和精密模制

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The structure and optical properties of phosphate glasses containing bismuth or niobium oxides for subwavelength structure (SWS) optical elements were studied. The glasses containing a large amount of bismuth and niobium oxides had refractive indexes higher than 1.8 and low deformation temperatures. However, these high refractive index glasses were yellowish due to the electronic transition in trivalent bismuth ions and pentavalent niobium ions. The structure of the glasses was investigated by X-ray, IR, and Raman spectroscopy. NbO_x and BiO_x formed clusters as the bismuth and niobium oxide content increased. The results showed that the local structure around bismuth and niobium ions was related to the coloration. Based on these results, we developed high refractive index glasses that were used for precision molding to fabricate periodic SWSs. One-dimensional periodic SWSs were fabricated on the glass surface by a precision molding method using a SiC mold on which the reverse of the SWS pattern was carved and a flat SiC mold. One-dimensional SWSs with a high aspect ratio were fabricated on one surface of the glass plate. The niobium phosphate glass plates with the one-dimensional SWS showed phase retardation higher than 1/8λ, between TE- and TM-polarized beams at 400 run, demonstrating that a wavelength plate can be fabricated by our precision molding technique.
机译：包含可用于亚波长构造体铋或铌氧化物的磷酸盐玻璃的结构和光学性质（SWS）的光学元件进行了研究。含有大量的铋和铌的氧化物的玻璃具有折射率高于1.8和低变形温度。然而，这些高折射率眼镜是淡黄色由于三价铋离子和五价铌离子的电子跃迁。通过X射线，IR和拉曼光谱的眼镜的结构进行了研究。 NbO_x和BiO_x形成的群集作为铋和铌氧化物的含量增加。结果表明，各地的铋和铌离子局部结构相关的着色。基于这些结果，我们开发了用于精密成型制造周期SWSs高折射率玻璃。一维周期性SWSs通过使用在其上刻图案SWS的反向的SiC模具和平坦的SiC模具精密模制方法制造的玻璃表面上。具有高纵横比的一维SWSs被制造在玻璃板的一个表面。与一维的SWS磷酸铌玻璃板表现出相位延迟大于1在400运行/8λ，TE-之间TM偏振光束，这表明一波长板可通过我们的精密成型技术来制造。

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