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Vocal Emotion Recognition in Mandarin-Speaking Cochlear Implanted Children

机译：普通话耳蜗植入儿童的声乐情绪认可

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Previous studies have shown that cochlear-implanted (CI) children have big difficulty in vocal emotion recognition in comparison to the normal-hearing peers, mainly due to the lack of efficient coding of fundamental frequency (F0) in the CI devices, but few research has been conducted on preschool CI children, and even fewer on CI children speaking Mandarin, a tone language in which F0 conveys both lexical tone and emotion related intonation. The present study compared vocal emotion recognition between two groups of 4-to-5-year-old Mandarin-speaking children, i.e., CI and normal-hearing (NH) groups. Six semantically neutral sentences were recorded by a female speaker in three basic emotions, i.e., anger, joy, and sadness, among which anger and joy showed greater mean F0, F0 variability and F0 range than sadness. The children were asked to judge the type of emotion from the recorded utterances. For all three emotions, the CI group showed significantly lower recognition accuracy and longer reaction time than the NH group. The confusion mainly occurred between anger and joy in the NH group, while all three emotions were mutually confused in the CI group, confirming that Mandarin-speaking CI children were impaired in perceiving vocal emotions due to the lack of F0 processing ability.
机译：以前的研究表明，与正常听力同行相比，耳蜗植入（CI）儿童对声乐情绪识别有很大的困难，主要是由于CI器件中缺乏有效的基本频率（F0）的有效编码，但很少有研究已经在学前班CI儿童进行，甚至更少的CI儿童发言普通话，一个音调语言，其中F0传达了词汇音调和情感相关的语调。本研究比较了两组4至5岁的普通话儿童之间的声带情感认可，即CI和正常听证（NH）组。在三个基本情绪中，六个语义中立句子记录了一个女性扬声器，即愤怒，喜悦和悲伤，其中愤怒和喜悦表现出大的平均f0，f0变异性和f0范围而不是悲伤。要求孩子们从记录的话语中判断情感类型。对于所有三种情绪，CI集团表现出明显降低的识别准确性和比NH组更长的反应时间。该困惑主要发生在NH集团的愤怒和喜悦之间，而所有三种情绪在CI集团中相互混淆，证实普通话的CI儿童因缺乏F0加工能力而感知声乐情绪受到损害。

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