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Current status of Stylosanthes seed production in southern India

机译：印度南部款式款式种子生产现状

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India is a significant producer of Stylosanth.es (stylo) seed (principally S. hamata). Most of this seed is produced by villagers and small farmers in the Anantpur district, Andhra Pradesh, southern India. This is one of the poorest regions in the State, with harsh climatic conditions, poor, zinc-deficient soils, and (in the stylo seed production area) farm sizes averaging less than 2 ha. Marketing is handled by an informal network of seed traders who distribute stylo seed within a 25-30 km radius and, via the next level of traders, to other parts of India. A survey of seed production in this area in 2002/03 indicated that stylo seed production in 2001 was about 8001 from more than 400 ha (Rao et al. 2004). A second survey, conducted in 2012, showedthat the stylo seed production area had declined to 150 ha, and that annual seed production had declined to about 3001. Most of the decline had occurred since 2007, when the purchase of seed for watershed rehabilitation in the States of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh was discontinued. In addition to the loss of this major market, other factors influenced the reduction in stylo seed production. These included the low price of stylo seed compared with groundnut (the crop mainly competing for land use); sales of land for other purposes, and diversion of one area as a Special Economic Zone; reduced availability and increased costs of labour, particularly after the establishment in 2005 of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Agency (NREG A) which provided an attractive employment option for rural workers; lack of technical support; and, in one case, delays in payment. Poor seed quality is another issue constraining prices. Despite these challenges, many farmers in the region remain positive and would continue to produce stylo seed if profitability could be improved.
机译：印度是Stylosanth.es（Stylo）种子的重要生产者（主要是S. Hamata）。这种种子的大部分由村民和南印度南部的anantpur区的小农生产。这是国家中最贫困的地区之一，具有恶劣的气候条件，贫困，缺锌土壤，（在枪眼种子生产区域）场平均小于2公顷。营销由一个非正式的种子交易员网络处理，他们在25-30公里的半径范围内分配司机种子，并通过下一级交易员到印度其他地区。 2002/03年该领域的种子产量调查显示，2001年的款式种子产量约为8001，距离400公顷（Rao等，2004）。 2012年进行的第二次调查表明，司机种子生产区域下降到150公顷，年产量下降至约3001.大部分下降自2007年以来，当购买流域康复时，自2007年以来卡纳塔克邦和哈德拉邦的州被停产。除了丧失这一主要市场之外，其他因素影响了司机种子生产的减少。其中包括司法王子的低价与地生（主要竞争土地使用）;土地的销售额为其他目的，以及作为经济特区的一个地区的转移;减少了可用性和增加的劳动成本，特别是在2005年在国家农村就业担保机构（Nreg A）的成立后，为农村工人提供了有吸引力的就业选择;缺乏技术支持;并且，在一个情况下，延迟付款。种子质量差是另一个问题约束价格。尽管存在这些挑战，但该地区的许多农民仍然是积极的，如果可以提高盈利能力，将继续生产司发型种子。

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