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首页> 外文会议>International Grassland Congress >Bird and mammal fauna assemblages in well-preserved natural grassl of Uruguay with different livestock management
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Bird and mammal fauna assemblages in well-preserved natural grassl of Uruguay with different livestock management

机译：鸟类和哺乳动物动物群组合在乌拉圭的保存完好的自然草地上用不同的牲畜管理

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Ecosystem change by human activities is a central topic in environmental discussions and temperate grasslands arc among the most altered ecosystems on the planet (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment 2005). The Rio de la Plata grasslands arc the largest expanse of grasslands on the South American continent and they are no exception to this trend (Minarro et al. 2008). More than 300 species from 39 botanical families have been listed. Perennial summer grasses dominate, with sedges next in importance. Thereare numerous legumes, but at very low frequencies (Suttie et al. 2005). Transformation of this ecosystem began with the introduction of domestic cattle in the sixteenth century but nowadays the intensification of agriculture is the largest threat to thisecosystem. Extensive livestock production seems to be compromise solution between conservation and production. It has been suggested that 68% of the Rio de la Plata grasslands had already been modified by 2010 (Alianza del Pastizal 2010). Uruguay is theonly country to lie completely within this grassland zone and almost the entire country is covered by this habitat type. The main human activity in Uruguayan grasslands is, by far, extensive cattle ranching and 71% of this land use occurs on natural grassland (Bilenca and Minarro 2004). However, transformation of these grasslands is considerable: 7.7% of it was lost between 1990 and 2000 mainly due to the tripling of eucalyptus and pine plantations and a 62-fold increase in soy plantations (Paruclo etal. 2006). The change from natural ecosystems to agro-ccosystcms brings several consequences at different hierarchical levels, through population dynamics and community structure, to energy and matter flow at an ecosystem scale. The conservation of thishabitat type should be a priority because of its high threat situation, the ecosystem services it provides, its potential for sustainable use, its threatened species, and as an emblem of a biogcographical region. Despite this, only 0.21% of Uruguayan grassland is under protection (Bilenca and Minarro 2004).
机译：人类活动的生态系统改变是环境讨论和温带草原的核心主题，在地球上最改变的生态系统（千年生态系统评估2005）中。里约热内卢平原草原在南美洲大陆上最大的草原广阔，这一趋势也不例外（Minarro等，2008）。列出了39个植物家庭的300多种。多年生夏天草占据主导地位，在一个重要的尖叫力。 ocreare众多豆类，但在非常低的频率下（Suttie等，2005）。这种生态系统的转型始于十六世纪的国内牛的引进，但如今，农业的强化是对该体系的最大威胁。广泛的牲畜生产似乎在保护和生产之间存在妥协解决方案。有人建议，68％的里约热内察铂拉拉草原于2010年已经修改（Alianza del Cantizal 2010）。乌拉圭是国家在这个草地区内完全撒谎，几乎整个国家都被这种栖息地介绍。到目前为止，乌拉圭草原的主要人类活动是，在天然草地（Bilenca和Minarro 2004）上发生了广泛的牛牧场和71％的土地使用。然而，这些草原的转型很大：1990年至2000年间失去了7.7％，主要是由于桉树和松树种植园的三倍，大豆种植园增加了62倍（Paruclo etal。2006）。来自自然生态系统到农业CCOSYSTCMS的变化，通过人口动态和社区结构，以生态系统规模的能源和物质流动为不同的层次水平带来了多种后果。由于其高威胁情况，所提供的生态系统服务，它提供的生态系统服务，其可持续利用，其受威胁性物种以及威胁地区的象征，为优先级。尽管如此，只有0.21％的乌拉圭草原受保护（Bilenca和Minarro 2004）。

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