The submerged arc welding machine broadly use in the industries for the material joining process. Penetration, bead width, reinforcement, tensile strength, impact strength, and hardness are some output parameters that define the quality of the weld. Arc current, feed rate, travel speed, electrode diameter, voltage, stick out, and angle of the electrode are input parameters of the SAW process. Many researchers optimize process parameters according to their requirements. This paper covers the effect of different input parameters on weld quality from different research papers. In this paper, study the effect of microstructure, heat-affected zone, and heat input on the weld joint. After analysis of all research papers, observes how parameters affect weld bead geometry and mechanical properties. And how to weld quality can be controlled in the SAW process.
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